# articles

feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3006
title: Santa Claus Proves There is a Santa Claus (1925)
uri: Santa-Claus-Proves-There-is-a-Santa-Claus-(1925)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/12/23/santa-claus-proves-there-is-a-santa-claus-1925/
content:
<div align="center">

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/The_Night_Before_Christmas_1905_still.png" alt="" />

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Santa Claus Proves There is a Santa Claus (with song &#8220;Christmas Comes But Once a Year&#8221;) by Ernest Hare (1925). Hare&#8217;s recording career began when he became Al Jolson&#8217;s understudy in the Broadway musical Sinbad during 1919-20. He went onto record with the Cleartone Four, the Crescent Trio, the Harmonizers Quartet, and the Premier Quartet. He made a series recordings with Al Bernard in the late 1910s and the start of the 1920s. After he met Billy Jones in 1919, they went on to do numerous recordings together for Brunswick, Edison and most other major U.S. record companies of the era. They gained fame as &#8220;The Happiness Boys&#8221; and by 1928 they were the highest-paid singers in radio earning $1,250 a week.

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<a href="http://www.archive.org/download/SantaClausProvesThereIsASantaClausByErnestHare1925/SantaClausProvesThereIsASantaClaus-ErnestHare1925.mp3">MP3 Download</a>
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<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/SantaClausProvesThereIsASantaClausByErnestHare1925">Internet Archive Link</a>
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-4-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-4">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Beela Boola by the Electric City 4 (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/beela-boola-electric-city-4-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5984449950_1837afe78f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Hungarian Rag -  Pietro Deiro (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=880"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6008/5984449948_3ebd04de8b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">As a Porcupine Pines for its Pork - Billy Jones &amp; Ernest Hare<br />
(1925)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/as-a-porcupine-pines-for-its-pork-billy-jones-ernest-hare-1925/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6028/5984449946_52bcbdf103_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Popeye, the Sailor Man - Al Dollar &amp; His Ten Cent Band with Billy Murray (1931)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/popeye-the-sailor-man-al-dollar-his-ten-cent-band-with-billy-murray-1931/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6012/5984449942_e7c19a2fdc_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Chopins Funeral March - The Edison Concert Band (1906)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/chopins-funeral-march-the-edison-concert-band-1906/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6138/5998067338_c167fce69d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Houdini on his Water Torture Cell (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/houdini-on-his-water-torture-cell-1914/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5998067350_7d43c56428_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Lomax Collection Recording of English, Sample 8<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1067"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6020/5998067356_9b9ae1d919_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Enrico Caruso - A Dream (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1074"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/5997518817_b6d0667f34_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">La Paloma (1903)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1240"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6135/6016850955_d7c0df1a2c_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Orson Welles Show (1941)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1225"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/6017404284_da30a310cc_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Tokyo Rose (1944)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1243"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6125/6016850941_a2c4a9bb4f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Fats Waller and His Orchestra live at The Yacht Club (1938)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1247"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6005/6016980547_ddd9858761_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">Very early recording of George Gershwin's  Rhapsody In Blue (1924)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1493"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6206/6046238304_f151e60106_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Rudolph Valentino singing (1923)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/15/rudolph-valentino-1923/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6046238300_1a8bf811d7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Aiaihea - The Hawaiian Quintette (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1614"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6069171663_28964f0117_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Antony's Address Over The Body of Caesar (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1679"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6064/6082150301_30f4211e29_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Charlie and His Orchestra<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1771"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6199/6096637423_9f34721c23_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Excerpt from Handel's Israel in Egypt (1888)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1925"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6081/6143260449_303a539aa3_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Gurdjieff's Harmonium Improvisations (1949)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2041"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6173/6177782102_d042aebbfd_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">General Pershing March - Imperial Marimba Band (1918)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2186"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6215163671_7712110727_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Apollo 11 Onboard Recordings (1969) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2537"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6040/6305906604_03d781a688_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Voice of Florence Nightingale (1890)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2916"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7030/6504902049_467a45000b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Santa Claus Proves There is a Santa Claus (1925) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3006"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7008/6558653487_103cd350c9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Whitney Brothers Quartet - The Little Red Drum (1908)<br />
 <br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3177"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7147/6725925751_16951fa622_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010
title: The Night Before Christmas (1905)
uri: The-Night-Before-Christmas-(1905)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/12/24/the-night-before-christmas-1905/
content:
<div align="center">

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<br />
1905 version by the Edison studios of the poem first published anonymously in 1823 and generally attributed to Clement Clarke Moore, although the claim has also been made that it was written by Henry Livingston, Jr. Musical accompaniment added later, made up mostly of old cylinder recordings from the same studio and period. (For silent version see <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie">here</a>).<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/TheNightBeforeChristmas_235">Download from Internet Archive</a>
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<br />
<font size="1">Note this film is in the public domain in the US, but may not be in other jurisdictions. Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia600307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_002127.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1827"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/22/items/Never_Weaken_1921/Never_Weaken_1921.thumbs/Never_Weaken_1921_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Intolerance (1916) 2hr57min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1820"><br />
<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1816"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/14/items/Quicksand_clear/Quicksand_clear.thumbs/Quicksand_001860.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1954"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6200/6158664220_2d772d57d5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Betty Boop: Minnie The Moocher (1932) 7min46sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1965"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/2/items/bb_minnie_the_moocher/bb_minnie_the_moocher.thumbs/bb_minnie_the_moocher_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Phantom of the Opera (1925) 1hr46min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1943"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/23/items/ThePhantomoftheOpera/ThePhantomoftheOpera.thumbs/Phantom_of_the_Opera_001320.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Suddenly (1954) 1hr16mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1279"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/10/items/suddenly/suddenly.thumbs/suddenly_004320.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-10">
		<td class="column-1">Buffalo Dance (1894) 14sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2135"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/10/items/SF126/SF126.thumbs/SF126_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Cook (1918) 18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2139"><img src="http://ia600501.us.archive.org/18/items/TheCook/TheCook.thumbs/TheCook_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Thief of Bagdad (1924) 2hr20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2148"><img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/25/items/ThiefOfBagdad1924/ThiefOfBagdad1924.thumbs/ThiefofBagdad1924_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Five Minutes to Live (1961) 1hr14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1683"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/7/items/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi.thumbs/Five_Minutes_to_Live_002880.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2280"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/0/items/vd_is_for_everybody/vd_is_for_everybody.thumbs/vd_is_for_everybody_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">American Day in Tripoli, Libya (1962) 14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2394"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/21/items/gov.archives.arc.37715/gov.archives.arc.37715.thumbs/gov.archives.arc.37715_000810.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2659"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/12/items/thecabinetofdrcaligari/thecabinetofdrcaligari.thumbs/KabinettDesDoktorCaligariDas_000960.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Cyrano De Bergerac (1950) 1hr53min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2402"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/27/items/Cyrano_DeBergerac/Cyrano_DeBergerac.thumbs/Cyrano_De_Bergerac_002100.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-12">
		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2778"><img src="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/18/items/TheEnchantedDrawing1900/TheEnchantedDrawing1900.thumbs/the-enchanted-drawing_000054.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Your Name Here (1960) 10min10sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2561"><img src="http://ia600506.us.archive.org/11/items/YourName1960/YourName1960.thumbs/YourName1960_000120.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Stella Maris (1918) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2790"><img src="http://ia600706.us.archive.org/21/items/StellaMaris_665/StellaMaris_665.thumbs/StellaMarismarshallNeilan1918MaryPickford_002574.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936) 1hr40min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2786"><img src="http://ia600506.us.archive.org/14/items/little_lord_fauntleroy/little_lord_fauntleroy.thumbs/little_lord_fauntleroy_000960.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
		<td class="column-1"></td><td class="column-2">The Night Before Christmas (1905) 8min44sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/31/items/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie.thumbs/TheNightBeforeChristmas_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lost World (1925) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/6/items/lost_world/lost_world.thumbs/lost_world_002100.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Gulliver's Travels (1939) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/24/items/GulliversTravels720p/GulliversTravels720p.thumbs/GulliversTravels1939_004380.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3019
title: Selma Lagerlöf: Surface and Depth
uri: Selma-Lagerlöf-Surface-and-Depth
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/11/selma-lagerlof-surface-and-depth/
content:
<p><strong>In 2011 many countries around the world welcomed <i>The Wonderful Adventures of Nils</i> and the other works of the Swedish writer Selma Lagerlöf into the public domain. Jenny Watson looks at the importance of Lagerlöf&#8217;s oeuvre and the complex depths beneath her seemingly simple tales and public persona.</strong></p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7026/6672344843_ab856ebbd0_o.jpg" width="540" height="684" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Lagerlöf circa 1900</p></div>

<p>In 1909, an ageing “spinster,” with a marked limp, stood in the Grand Hotel in Stockholm.  That woman was Selma Lagerlöf, the first woman and the first Swede to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.  She stood in front of a large audience, which included the King and Queen of Sweden, and delivered her Nobel Prize Banquet Speech, a speech which to many epitomized who she was, a charming and humble sagotant,  a quaint, sweet storyteller aunt, who received her inspiration from Wermland and in particular, her father.</p>

<p>Lagerlöf opened her speech by explaining that she had been nervous coming up to Stockholm to receive the prize,  that her previous trips to Stockholm had been to do something “difficult,” such as take examinations or try to find a publisher for her work, never to be celebrated.  Moreover, in the past few months she had lived in solitude and had become shy.  She dispelled her anxiety, though, by thinking of those who would be happy for her.  This was when she had thought of her father and wished that he were still alive to see the moment. Almost imperceptibly, Lagerlöf glides into storytelling, creating a scene in which she imagines visiting her father in Paradise and telling him she is in debt and needs his help.  It eventually becomes clear that this debt is what she owes to those who have contributed to and supported her as a writer:  the vagabonds who gave her stories to tell through their actions, the Swedish language and those who taught it to her, the great authors of Sweden, her readers and most of all the Academy which has placed its trust in her. In true Lagerlöf fashion, she humbly deflected the recognition she deserved for the Nobel Prize, and at the same time ― through a charming story ― demonstrated her storytelling sagotant abilities and her devotion to her father.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7173/6672345651_8434f32dd7_o.jpg" width="540" height="714" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Illustration by Harold Heartt from the 1907 English translation of <i>The Wonderful Adventures of Nils</i></p></div>

<p>In a less flattering light, the contemporary Swedish writer, P.O. Enquist, has interpreted Lagerlöf’s speech as a reflection of Lagerlöf’s co-dependence on an alcoholic father.  No doubt, Lagerlöf’s father was an alcoholic, something on which Lagerlöf did not concentrate in her later fictional memoirs (<em>Mårbacka</em> and <em>A Child’s Memories</em>).  Nor did she concentrate on the fact that her father was completely against her furthering her education; and in direct defiance of his wishes, she did so anyway.  Instead, she highlighted the father who sang songs, brought laughter to the family and had dreams for the family home, Mårbacka.   Does this indicate repression and co-dependence, as Enquist argues?  Perhaps.</p>

<p>More likely, however, and better supported by her life and works, is that Lagerlöf was a multi-faceted woman who understood the difference between surface and content. Lagerlöf entered the world of writing with few female role models, a strong desire to make her mark on the world and the recognition that it would be men who would make or break her career.</p>

<p>And she was correct.  Lagerlöf’s first literary attempts were at the age of fifteen, but her breakthrough came in the late 1880s when she finally gained the courage to write the work she wanted to, <em>Gösta Berlings Saga</em> (1891) ― an epic novel that contradicted the Naturalist tendencies of the time.  In 1890 she sent the first five chapters to Idun magazine’s literary contest and won.  Following this recognition, the full manuscript was published by Fritiof Hellberg in Stockholm.  Although the work was well received by her fellow Wermlander, Gustaf Fröding (also a distant relative to Lagerlöf), most literary critics who took notice were not so enthusiastic, claiming that the narration was “strange,” the style “unnatural,” and the structure “rather loose.”  These aspects, however, were exactly what the internationally renowned literary critic, Georg Brandes, would praise in 1893, when he reviewed the book for the first time.  He found the presentation of material “original,” and praised the “narrative’s rhythmically fluid, often quite simply lyric style.”</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7010/6672344637_00d2901218_o.jpg" width="540" height="383" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Lagerlöf in her workroom at home in the residence Mårbacka.</p></div>

<p>With these words and the following attention from other critics, Lagerlöf’s career was launched.  Interestingly, Lagerlöf had originally named her work “Gösta Berling,” but the publisher of the first edition, in order to strengthen the title, added saga, which means a story in terms of an Icelandic saga or a fairy tale.  Critics quickly jumped on the fairy tale definition. This, along with Brandes’ random thoughts about the author while he critiqued her first novel &#8211; that is, that Lagerlöf was no doubt a “maiden lady” whose “warm, living imagination is like a child’s” &#8211; led to the image of Lagerlöf as  a naïve, kind spinster who told simple stories from her homeland.  Lagerlöf did not fight the image of herself, mainly because her audience liked it and it increased her popularity.</p>

<p>Many of the works she wrote in her lifetime &#8211; on the surface &#8211; appeared to support this image; to name a few:  <em>The Queen of Kungahälla and Other Sketches from a Swedish Homestead</em> (1899), <em>Jersualem I</em> (1901),  <em>Herr Arnes Hoard</em> (1903), <em>The Girl from the Marshcroft</em> (1908), <em>They Soul Shall Bear Witness</em> (1912), and <em>The Ring Trilogy</em> (1925-1928).  However, it is perhaps her most internationally famous work, <em>The Wonderful Adventure of Nils</em>, published in 1906-7, that cemented the image, both at home and abroad.  Lagerlöf was commissioned by the National Teachers Association in 1902 to write a geography reader for the Swedish public schools.  She spent three years learning about the landscape, animals and plant life, industry and folk life of Sweden and then interwove these facts into the story of Nils Holgersson, a young boy who is punished for his bad behavior by the farm tomte.  He is shrunken to a small size.  In this form, he is able to talk and understand the animals around him and he ends up flying across Sweden on the back of a goose.  During the trip, the reader learns about each province and the geography of Sweden.</p>

<img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7007/6672345293_bd42604d5a_o.jpg" width="540" height="801" />
<br /><br />
<img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7003/6672571641_fdb39aa940_o.jpg" width="540" height="420" />
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7150/6678081347_1e01d87fcd_o.jpg" width="540" height="788" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Illustrations by Mary Hamilton Fry featured in the 1913 English translation edition of <i>The Wonderful Adventures of Nils</i></p></div>

<p><em>The Wonderful Adventures of Nils</em> was an instantaneous success, not only in the public schools and Sweden, but across the world. Indeed, still today it is probably her most famous work. Nils Holgersson appears on the back of the Swedish 20 crown note (Lagerlöf is on the front), and from Germany to Russia to Japan, Nils Holgersson can be found in bookstores (and on TV).</p>

<p>Yet, Lagerlöf was in no way a simple sagotant from Sweden ― not in her works and not in her life. Lagerlöf did not only tell stories of Sweden.  For example, <em>The Miracles of Antichrist</em> (1897) was a novel set in Italy, centering on the moral conflict between Socialism and Christianity;  <em>Jerusalem II</em> (1902) takes place in Palestine; and <em>The Outcast</em> (1918) was a pacifist novel in reaction to World War I. On the surface, most of Lagerlöf’s works can be read at face value and they are indeed enjoyable.  However, even as can be seen in her public school reader, there are numerous layers beneath the surface―layers which are thought out and constructed (e.g. the pedagogy behind Nils Holgersson).  Lagerlöf’s novels and stories explore human psychology  ―the psychological layers of murder, love, jealousy, war, greed, religion.   Her work, <em>Herr Arnes Hoard</em>, is a good example of such a story&#8211; a ghost story which is thrilling to read, but which, if one understands the ghost as human conscience, is an in depth study of guilt and love.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7165/6672345459_c27ee4fa84_o.jpg" width="540" height="689" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Detail from an A. Blomberg photograph of Lagerlöf taken in 1906</p></div>

<p>Lagerlöf’s life had a similar dynamic between surface and depth.  On the surface (as she herself portrayed in her autobiographical fiction, <em>Mårbacka I and II</em> (1922, 1930) and <em>The Diary of Selma Lagerlöf</em> (1932), she was a simple girl from Wermland, a devoted and subservient daughter, a woman who became a spinster due to her limp, and a storyteller indebted to her country. Yet, beneath the surface, she was an exceptionally well-read woman who clearly drew from the classic literature of the Western world.  She was a woman of strong will―defying her father who did not want her to continue her education and a strong voice in the woman’s movement in Sweden. Although she was a spinster in the “traditional” sense, she was involved with at least one woman, Warburg Olander, if not more. Finally, although she was clearly indebted to her country for many stories, she did not simply retell them.  She created new masterpieces in the Swedish language, in-depth studies of human nature and psychology.  She created literature worthy of the Nobel Prize. And even upon receiving the Nobel Prize, she continued the image of herself.  Lagerlöf spun stories, whether they were about others or herself &#8211; incredible stories, with fascinating depths.</p>

<p><br /></p>

<hr />

<p><em>Jenny Watson is the associate dean of the Humanities and an associate professor of German and Scandinavian Literature at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee.  She received her Masters and PhD at the Univeristy of Illinois/ Champaign-Urbana, with a double concentration in German and Scandinavian literature.  She is author of the book, <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0773463887/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0773463887">Selma Lagerlöf och Tyskland (Selma Lagerlof and Germany)</a>, published by the Lagerlöf society, as well as numerous articles and presentations about Lagerlöf.  Her present research project is an English-language biography of Selma Lagerlöf.</em></p>

<p><br /></p>

<h1>Links to Works</h1>

<p><br /></p>

<ul>
<li><em>The Wonderful Adventures of Nils</em>, translated by Velma Swanston Howard and illustrated by Mary Hamilton Fry (1913)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/stream/wonderfuladventu0018582#page/n11/mode/2up">pdf online</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/download/wonderfuladventu0018582/wonderfuladventu0018582.pdf">pdf download</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/download/wonderfuladventu0018582/wonderfuladventu0018582.epub">epub</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/download/wonderfuladventu0018582/wonderfuladventu0018582.mobi">kindle</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/stream/wonderfuladventu0018582/wonderfuladventu0018582_djvu.txt">text</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>Christ Legends</em>, translated by Velma Swanston Howard and illustrated by Vera Clerke (1908)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/christlegends0018582">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>From a Swedish Homestead</em> translated by Jessie Brokner (1916)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/fromswedishhomes00lage">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>The Girl from the Marsh Croft</em>, translated by Velma Swanston Howard (1910)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/girlfrommarshcro001858">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>Gösta Berling&#8217;s saga</em>, translated by Lillie Tudeer (1918)

<ul>
<li>Volume 1 <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/gstaberlingssa01lagerlof">internet archive link</a></li>
<li>Volume 2 <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/gstaberlingssa02lage">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>Invisible Links</em>, translated by Pauline Bancroft Flach (1899)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/invisiblelinks00lageiala">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>Jerusalem : a novel</em>, translated by Velma Swanston Howard (1916)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/jerusalemnovel00lageuoft">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>The Holy City : Jerusalem II</em>, translated by Velma Swanston Howard (1918)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924026328678">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><em>The Miracles of Antichrist</em>, translated by Pauline Bancroft Flach (1909)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/miraclesofantich00lageuoft">internet archive link</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3053
title: A Catalogue of Polish Bishops
uri: A-Catalogue-of-Polish-Bishops
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/12/a-catalogue-of-polish-bishops/
content:
<div align="center">

The Catalogus Archiepiscoporum Gnesnensium Vitae episcoporum Cracoviensium (Catalogue of the Archbishops of Gniezno and Lives of the Bishops of Cracow) by Jan Długosz is a 16th century manuscript illuminated by Stanislaw Samostrzelnik between 1531-1535. Today in the collection of the National Library in Warsaw. (Images via <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Catalogus_Archiepiscoporum_Gnesnensium"> Wikimedia Commons</a>).
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum.jpg/800px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum.jpg" alt="" />

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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_a.jpg/465px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_a.jpg" alt="" />

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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_b.jpg/465px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_b.jpg" alt="" />

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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_c.jpg/467px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_c.jpg" alt="" />
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_e.jpg/457px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_e.jpg" alt="" />
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_f.jpg/444px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_f.jpg" alt="" />
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_n.jpg/452px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_n.jpg" alt="" />
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_o.jpg/436px-Catalogus_archiepiscoporum_o.jpg" alt="" />
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Jakub_ze_%C5%BBnina.PNG" alt="" />
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Jaros%C5%82aw_Bogoria_Skotnicki.PNG" alt="" />
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/%C5%9Awi%C4%99ty_Stanis%C5%82aw.PNG/455px-%C5%9Awi%C4%99ty_Stanis%C5%82aw.PNG" alt="" />
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-3-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-3">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Doorstep<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1288"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6209/6023844250_a340b6cfc8_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Spirit Photographs of William Hope<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1301"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6021/5963926880_6796ce887a_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Maps of Piri Reis<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1315"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6025/5963926888_f9a9db72f1_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Dr Julius Neubronner's Miniature Pigeon Camera<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1330"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6007/5963926890_2141effc6c_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Art in Art<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1359"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6192/6024864047_73cc2bce65_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Huexotzinco Codex<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1373"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6024864049_7667e37edc_o.jpg"></a><br />
</td><td class="column-3">Sessions for the Blind at Sunderland Museum<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/09/sessions-for-the-blind-at-sunderland-museum/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6075/6024903179_9793619652_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Eugène von Guérard's Australian Landscapes<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1468"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6193/6045423237_850760a2a1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Landscape and Marine Views of Norway<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1513"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6090/6049185090_2740e7c0e7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-mechanism-of-human-physiognomy/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6191/6059149653_5b7e4f63e0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Space Colony Art from the 1970s<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1643"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6063/6072822813_748425d648_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Men in Wigs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1657"><br />
<img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6196/6076698488_c0d804b2f0_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">De humana physiognomonia libri IIII (1586)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1760"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6023/6097105906_f3615427ca_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Field Columbian Museum<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1898"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6186/6143148873_0d68233381_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Maps from Geographicus<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2011"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6159/6172345356_72dcabba03_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Arnoldus Montanus' New and Unknown World (1671)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2108"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6172/6194502991_d733a9de80_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">World War II from the Air<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2241"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6060/6240850672_fbe7ec4af4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Halloween Postcards<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2470"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6291039497_f95a6df059_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Engravings by Dominicus Custos<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2461"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6043/6301524069_87b3660466_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Kodak No.1 Circular Snapshots<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2607"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6034/6331890582_1cb9bff242_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Kitab al-Bulhan or Book of Wonders (late 14thC.)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2648"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6109/6352453941_2f15515a88_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Daddy Long Legs of Brighton<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2861"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7006/6477203705_ec35483e53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Amundsen's South Pole Expedition (1912)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2894"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7148/6509959519_9c1221fc97_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">A Catalogue of Polish Bishops<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3053"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7009/6684168809_f63f1699f9_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Harry Clarke's illustrations for Edgar Allan Poe (1919)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3203"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7141/6726271725_32d8aa6260_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Embalming Jars of Frederik Ruysch (1710)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3311"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7001/6754179799_9d524636da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 
</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3062
title: Mythical Monsters (1886)
uri: Mythical-Monsters-(1886)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/14/mythical-monsters/
content:
<div align="center">
<iframe src='http://www.archive.org/stream/mythicalmonsters00goulrich?ui=embed#mode/2up' width='818px' height='732px' frameborder='0' ></iframe>

<br />
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Mythical Monsters, by Charles Gould; 1886; W.H. Allen &#038; co., London.</span>

<br />
<br />
An exploration into all beasts fabled, fabricated, fantastical, and fanciful, from across the world, including the Chinese and Japanese Dragon, Unicorn, Phoenix, and the spate of Sea Serpent&#8217;s sighted off the 19th century New England coast.
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://openlibrary.org/books/OL7161420M/Mythical_monsters.">Open Library link</a>
<br />
<br />
<hr />
<br />


<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-2-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-2">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Letters From a Cat (1879)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/letters-from-a-cat/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6029/5926255857_dd107bbcd5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Castaway on the Auckland Isles: A Narrative of the Wreck of the "Grafton," (1865)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/castaway-on-the-auckland-isles-a-narrative-of-the-wreck-of-the-grafton-1865"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6014/5963292991_2926d4d77d_o.jpg"><br />
</a></td><td class="column-3">Infant's Cabinet of Birds and Beasts (1820)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/infants-cabine…-beasts-1820-2/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6137/5963292985_e427baf1da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Old French Fairytales (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/old-french-fairytales-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/5963292975_0047a86d70_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Armata: a fragment (1817)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/armata-a-fragment-1817/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6018/5977796996_e0a0fc40cd_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism (1803)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/an-account-of-the-late-improvements-in-galvanism-1803/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/5977796994_62597592db_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Medical Aspects of Death, and the Medical Aspects of the Human Mind (1852)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-medical-aspects-of-death-and-the-medical-aspects-of-the-human-mind-1852"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6122/5977796990_d34ea609b4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quarles' Emblems (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/quarles-emblems-1886/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6129/5977796992_cda35bfc9d_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Cat and bird stories from the "Spectator" (1896)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1198"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/6011153785_75aab450ee_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Wonderful Balloon Ascents (1870)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1200"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/6011153783_3c0847e432_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Book of Topiary (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1202"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6145/6011153777_a727143f9d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Adventures of Louis de Rougemont (1899)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1204"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6013/6011153791_7fcdcb3356_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">English as She is Spoke (1884)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1431"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6083/6046055812_6639c33965_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Danger of Premature Interment (1816)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1503"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6062/6046366952_ba41be4694_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Last American (1889)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-last-american/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6066/6059266721_1e7b1015c2_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Pirates (1922)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1754"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6096675914_450e941c10_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Napoleon's Oraculum (1839)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1834"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6185/6115393587_cbe52c98ab_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Horse Laughs (1891)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1918"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6143175901_cfaa8bb5f7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hydriotaphia/Urn-Burial and The Garden of Cyrus (1658)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1999"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6162/6169326032_8dbf4d10aa_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Across the Zodiac: the Story of a Wrecked Record (1880)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2129"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6123/6197358087_8ed89391e6_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Superstitions About Animals (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2267"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6110/6241413122_a6151abdef_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Diary of a Nobody (1919 edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2457"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6092/6288121551_c2119002b0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Attitudes of Animals in Motion, Illustrated with the Zoopraxiscope (1882)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2546"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6311375447_2483ece911_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Eccentric Mirror: Reflecting a Faithful and Interesting Delineation of Male and Female Characters, Ancient and Modern (1807)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2615"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6054/6337715127_c693cf04d1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Uriah Jewett and the Sea Serpent of Lake Memphemagog (1917)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2781"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7159/6437807421_91e8d84ec9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Yuletide Entertainments (1910)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3001"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7015/6553725471_8021326d90_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Mythical Monsters (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3062"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7171/6694452449_5daa298a53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Madame Tussaud's Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Curiosities (1901)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3292"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/napoleonrelics-thumb.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 

</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3177
title: Whitney Brothers Quartet – The Little Red Drum (1908)
uri: Whitney-Brothers-Quartet-The-Little-Red-Drum-(1908)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/19/the-little-red-drum-1908/
content:
<div align="center">

<img src="http://farm4.staticflickr.com/3464/3307691314_9bc37ca783.jpg" alt="" />

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/WhitneyBrothersQuartet" width="640" height="30" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
1908 song from the Whitney Brothers Quartet, putting to music &#8220;The Drum&#8221;, a poem by Eugene Field about children playing a game of &#8220;Cowboys and Indians&#8221;.

<br />


<blockquote><pre>
<div style="font-family:georgia;font-size:12px;">
I’m a beautiful red, red drum,
And I train with the soldier boys;
As up the street we come,
Wonderful is our noise!
There’s Tom, and Jim, and Phil,
And Dick, and Nat, and Fred,
While Widow Cutler’s Bill
And I march on ahead,
With a r-r-rat-tat-tat
And a tum-titty-um-tum-tum—
Oh, there’s bushels of fun in that
For boys with a little red drum!

The Injuns came last night
While the soldiers were abed,
And they gobbled a Chinese kite
And off to the woods they fled!
The woods are the cherry-trees
Down in the orchard lot,
And the soldiers are marching to seize
The booty the Injuns got.
With tum-titty-um-tum-tum,
And r-r-rat-tat-tat,
When soldiers marching come
Injuns had better scat!

Step up there, little Fred,
And, Charley, have a mind!
Jim is as far ahead
As you two are behind!
Ready with gun and sword
Your valorous work to do—
Yonder the Injun horde
Are lying in wait for you.
And their hearts go pitapat
When they hear the soldiers come
With a r-r-rat-tat-tat
And a tum-titty-um-tum-tum!

Course it’s all in play!
The skulking Injun crew
That hustled the kite away
Are little white boys, like you!
But “honest” or “just in fun,”
It is all the same to me;
And, when the battle is won,
Home once again march we
With a r-r-rat-tat-tat
And tum-titty-um-tum-tum;
And there’s glory enough in that
For the boys with their little red drum!
</div>
</pre></blockquote>




<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/download/WhitneyBrothersQuartet/WhitneyBrothersQuartet-TheLittleRedDrumPoembyEugeneField.mp3">MP3 Download</a>
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/WhitneyBrothersQuartet">Internet Archive Link</a>
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<br />
<hr />
<br />

 
<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-4-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-4">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Beela Boola by the Electric City 4 (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/beela-boola-electric-city-4-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5984449950_1837afe78f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Hungarian Rag -  Pietro Deiro (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=880"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6008/5984449948_3ebd04de8b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">As a Porcupine Pines for its Pork - Billy Jones &amp; Ernest Hare<br />
(1925)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/as-a-porcupine-pines-for-its-pork-billy-jones-ernest-hare-1925/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6028/5984449946_52bcbdf103_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Popeye, the Sailor Man - Al Dollar &amp; His Ten Cent Band with Billy Murray (1931)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/popeye-the-sailor-man-al-dollar-his-ten-cent-band-with-billy-murray-1931/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6012/5984449942_e7c19a2fdc_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Chopins Funeral March - The Edison Concert Band (1906)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/chopins-funeral-march-the-edison-concert-band-1906/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6138/5998067338_c167fce69d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Houdini on his Water Torture Cell (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/houdini-on-his-water-torture-cell-1914/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5998067350_7d43c56428_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Lomax Collection Recording of English, Sample 8<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1067"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6020/5998067356_9b9ae1d919_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Enrico Caruso - A Dream (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1074"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/5997518817_b6d0667f34_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">La Paloma (1903)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1240"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6135/6016850955_d7c0df1a2c_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Orson Welles Show (1941)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1225"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/6017404284_da30a310cc_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Tokyo Rose (1944)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1243"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6125/6016850941_a2c4a9bb4f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Fats Waller and His Orchestra live at The Yacht Club (1938)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1247"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6005/6016980547_ddd9858761_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">Very early recording of George Gershwin's  Rhapsody In Blue (1924)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1493"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6206/6046238304_f151e60106_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Rudolph Valentino singing (1923)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/15/rudolph-valentino-1923/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6046238300_1a8bf811d7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Aiaihea - The Hawaiian Quintette (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1614"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6069171663_28964f0117_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Antony's Address Over The Body of Caesar (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1679"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6064/6082150301_30f4211e29_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Charlie and His Orchestra<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1771"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6199/6096637423_9f34721c23_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Excerpt from Handel's Israel in Egypt (1888)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1925"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6081/6143260449_303a539aa3_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Voice of Florence Nightingale (1890)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2916"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7030/6504902049_467a45000b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">General Pershing March - Imperial Marimba Band (1918)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2186"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6215163671_7712110727_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Apollo 11 Onboard Recordings (1969) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2537"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6040/6305906604_03d781a688_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Santa Claus Proves There is a Santa Claus (1925) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3006"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7008/6558653487_103cd350c9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Whitney Brothers Quartet - The Little Red Drum (1908)<br />
 <br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3177"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7147/6725925751_16951fa622_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3203
title: Harry Clarke’s illustrations for Edgar Allan Poe
uri: Harry-Clarke-s-illustrations-for-Edgar-Allan-Poe
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/19/harry-clarkes-illustrations-for-edgar-allan-poe/
content:
<div align="center">

Book illustrator and Irish stained glass artist Harry Clarke&#8217;s illustrations for Edgar Allan Poe&#8217;s <i>Tales of Mystery and Imagination</i>: the first version of 1919 was restricted to monotone illustrations, while a second iteration with 8 colour plates and more than 24 monotone images was published in 1923.
<br />
<br />

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 461px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maelstrom-Clarke.jpg/451px-Maelstrom-Clarke.jpg" width="451" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;Descent into the Maelstrom&quot;</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 465px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/CaskofAmontillado-Clarke.jpg/455px-CaskofAmontillado-Clarke.jpg" width="455" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;The Cask of Amontillado&quot;</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 471px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Valdemar-Clarke.jpg/461px-Valdemar-Clarke.jpg" width="461" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar&quot;</p></div>
<br />

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 474px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Ligeia-Clarke.jpg/464px-Ligeia-Clarke.jpg" width="464" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;Ligeia&quot;</p></div>

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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 467px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PitandthePendulum-Clarke.jpg/457px-PitandthePendulum-Clarke.jpg" width="457" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;The Pit and the Pendulum&quot;</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 464px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/PrematureBurial-Clarke.jpg/454px-PrematureBurial-Clarke.jpg" width="454" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;The Premature Burial&quot;</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 350px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Masqueofthereddeath-Clarke.jpg" width="340" height="444" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;The Masque of The Red Death&quot;</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 458px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Clarke-TellTaleHeart.jpeg/448px-Clarke-TellTaleHeart.jpeg" width="448" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;The Tell Tale Heart&quot;</p></div>

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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-3-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-3">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Doorstep<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1288"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6209/6023844250_a340b6cfc8_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Spirit Photographs of William Hope<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1301"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6021/5963926880_6796ce887a_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Maps of Piri Reis<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1315"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6025/5963926888_f9a9db72f1_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Dr Julius Neubronner's Miniature Pigeon Camera<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1330"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6007/5963926890_2141effc6c_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Art in Art<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1359"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6192/6024864047_73cc2bce65_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Huexotzinco Codex<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1373"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6024864049_7667e37edc_o.jpg"></a><br />
</td><td class="column-3">Sessions for the Blind at Sunderland Museum<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/09/sessions-for-the-blind-at-sunderland-museum/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6075/6024903179_9793619652_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Eugène von Guérard's Australian Landscapes<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1468"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6193/6045423237_850760a2a1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Landscape and Marine Views of Norway<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1513"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6090/6049185090_2740e7c0e7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-mechanism-of-human-physiognomy/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6191/6059149653_5b7e4f63e0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Space Colony Art from the 1970s<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1643"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6063/6072822813_748425d648_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Men in Wigs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1657"><br />
<img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6196/6076698488_c0d804b2f0_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">De humana physiognomonia libri IIII (1586)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1760"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6023/6097105906_f3615427ca_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Field Columbian Museum<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1898"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6186/6143148873_0d68233381_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Maps from Geographicus<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2011"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6159/6172345356_72dcabba03_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Arnoldus Montanus' New and Unknown World (1671)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2108"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6172/6194502991_d733a9de80_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">World War II from the Air<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2241"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6060/6240850672_fbe7ec4af4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Halloween Postcards<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2470"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6291039497_f95a6df059_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Engravings by Dominicus Custos<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2461"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6043/6301524069_87b3660466_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Kodak No.1 Circular Snapshots<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2607"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6034/6331890582_1cb9bff242_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Kitab al-Bulhan or Book of Wonders (late 14thC.)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2648"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6109/6352453941_2f15515a88_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Daddy Long Legs of Brighton<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2861"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7006/6477203705_ec35483e53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Amundsen's South Pole Expedition (1912)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2894"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7148/6509959519_9c1221fc97_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">A Catalogue of Polish Bishops<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3053"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7009/6684168809_f63f1699f9_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Harry Clarke's illustrations for Edgar Allan Poe (1919)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3203"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7141/6726271725_32d8aa6260_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Embalming Jars of Frederik Ruysch (1710)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3311"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7001/6754179799_9d524636da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 

</div>

<p></div></p>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246
title: The Lost World (1925)
uri: The-Lost-World-(1925)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/22/the-lost-world-1925/
content:
<div align="center">

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/lost_world" width="640" height="480" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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Silent film adaptation of Arthur Conan Doyle&#8217;s 1912 novel of the same name. Directed by Harry O. Hoyt and featured pioneering stop motion special effects by Willis O&#8217;Brien (an invaluable warm up for his work on the original King Kong directed by Merian C. Cooper and Ernest B. Schoedsack).
In 1922, Conan Doyle showed O&#8217;Brien&#8217;s test reel to a meeting of the Society of American Magicians, which included Harry Houdini. The astounded audience watched footage of a Triceratops family, an attack by an Allosaurus and some Stegosaurus footage. Doyle refused to discuss the film&#8217;s origins. On the next day, the New York Times ran a front page article about it, saying &#8220;(Conan Doyle’s) monsters of the ancient world, or of the new world which he has discovered in the ether, were extraordinarily lifelike. If fakes, they were masterpieces&#8221;.
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It is a film of many firsts: first film to be shown to airline passengers, in April 1925 on a London-Paris flight by the company Imperial Airways; first feature length film made in the United States, possibly the world, to feature model animation as the primary special effect, or stop motion animation in general; first dinosaur-oriented film hit, and it led to other dinosaur movies, from King Kong to the Jurassic Park trilogy.


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(Text adapted from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lost_World_(1925_film)#Product_placement">Wikipedia</a>)
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<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/lost_world">Download from Internet Archive</a>
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<font size="1">Note this film is in the public domain in the US, but may not be in other jurisdictions. Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia700307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_000073.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1827"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/22/items/Never_Weaken_1921/Never_Weaken_1921.thumbs/Never_Weaken_1921_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Intolerance (1916) 2hr57min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1820"><br />
<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1816"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/14/items/Quicksand_clear/Quicksand_clear.thumbs/Quicksand_001860.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1954"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6200/6158664220_2d772d57d5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Betty Boop: Minnie The Moocher (1932) 7min46sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1965"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/2/items/bb_minnie_the_moocher/bb_minnie_the_moocher.thumbs/bb_minnie_the_moocher_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Phantom of the Opera (1925) 1hr46min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1943"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/23/items/ThePhantomoftheOpera/ThePhantomoftheOpera.thumbs/Phantom_of_the_Opera_001320.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Suddenly (1954) 1hr16mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1279"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/10/items/suddenly/suddenly.thumbs/suddenly_004320.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-10">
		<td class="column-1">Buffalo Dance (1894) 14sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2135"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/10/items/SF126/SF126.thumbs/SF126_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">American Day in Tripoli, Libya (1962) 14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2394"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/21/items/gov.archives.arc.37715/gov.archives.arc.37715.thumbs/gov.archives.arc.37715_000810.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Thief of Bagdad (1924) 2hr20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2148"><img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/25/items/ThiefOfBagdad1924/ThiefOfBagdad1924.thumbs/ThiefofBagdad1924_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Five Minutes to Live (1961) 1hr14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1683"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/7/items/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi.thumbs/Five_Minutes_to_Live_002880.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2280"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/0/items/vd_is_for_everybody/vd_is_for_everybody.thumbs/vd_is_for_everybody_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Your Name Here (1960) 10min10sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2561"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/11/items/YourName1960/YourName1960.thumbs/YourName1960_000120.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2659"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/12/items/thecabinetofdrcaligari/thecabinetofdrcaligari.thumbs/KabinettDesDoktorCaligariDas_000960.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Cyrano De Bergerac (1950) 1hr53min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2402"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/27/items/Cyrano_DeBergerac/Cyrano_DeBergerac.thumbs/Cyrano_De_Bergerac_002100.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-12">
		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2778"><img src="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/18/items/TheEnchantedDrawing1900/TheEnchantedDrawing1900.thumbs/the-enchanted-drawing_000054.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Night Before Christmas (1905) 8min44sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/31/items/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie.thumbs/TheNightBeforeChristmas_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Stella Maris (1918) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2790"><img src="http://ia600706.us.archive.org/21/items/StellaMaris_665/StellaMaris_665.thumbs/StellaMarismarshallNeilan1918MaryPickford_002574.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936) 1hr40min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2786"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/14/items/little_lord_fauntleroy/little_lord_fauntleroy.thumbs/little_lord_fauntleroy_001320.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
		<td class="column-1">Time-Lapse Demolition of the Star Theatre, New York (1901) 1min49sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3363"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/3/items/star_theatre_1901/star_theatre_1901.thumbs/star_theatre_1901_000045.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Dream of Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland, California (1924) 7min23sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3358"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/17/items/TribuneA1924/TribuneA1924.thumbs/TribuneA1924_000030.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lost World (1925) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/6/items/lost_world/lost_world.thumbs/lost_world_002100.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Gulliver's Travels (1939) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/24/items/GulliversTravels720p/GulliversTravels720p.thumbs/GulliversTravels1939_004380.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-14">
		<td class="column-1"></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231
title: Gulliver’s Travels (1939)
uri: Gulliver-s-Travels-(1939)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/22/gullivers-travels-1939/
content:
<div align="center">

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/GulliversTravels720p" width="640" height="480" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<br />
1939 cel-animated Technicolor feature film directed by Dave Fleischer and produced by Max Fleischer for Fleischer Studios, based upon the Lilliputian adventures of Gulliver as depicted in Jonathan Swift&#8217;s 18th century novel. Produced as an answer to the success of Walt Disney&#8217;s box-office hit Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs of 1937, Gulliver was only the second cel-animated feature film ever released, and the first produced by an American studio other than Walt Disney Productions.<br />
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<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/GulliversTravels720p">Download from Internet Archive</a>
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<br />
<font size="1">Note this film is in the public domain in the US, but may not be in other jurisdictions. Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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<hr />
<br />

 
<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia700307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_000073.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1827"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/22/items/Never_Weaken_1921/Never_Weaken_1921.thumbs/Never_Weaken_1921_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Intolerance (1916) 2hr57min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1820"><br />
<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1816"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/14/items/Quicksand_clear/Quicksand_clear.thumbs/Quicksand_001860.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1954"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6200/6158664220_2d772d57d5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Betty Boop: Minnie The Moocher (1932) 7min46sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1965"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/2/items/bb_minnie_the_moocher/bb_minnie_the_moocher.thumbs/bb_minnie_the_moocher_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Phantom of the Opera (1925) 1hr46min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1943"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/23/items/ThePhantomoftheOpera/ThePhantomoftheOpera.thumbs/Phantom_of_the_Opera_001320.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Suddenly (1954) 1hr16mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1279"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/10/items/suddenly/suddenly.thumbs/suddenly_004320.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-10">
		<td class="column-1">Buffalo Dance (1894) 14sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2135"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/10/items/SF126/SF126.thumbs/SF126_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">American Day in Tripoli, Libya (1962) 14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2394"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/21/items/gov.archives.arc.37715/gov.archives.arc.37715.thumbs/gov.archives.arc.37715_000810.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Thief of Bagdad (1924) 2hr20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2148"><img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/25/items/ThiefOfBagdad1924/ThiefOfBagdad1924.thumbs/ThiefofBagdad1924_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Five Minutes to Live (1961) 1hr14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1683"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/7/items/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi.thumbs/Five_Minutes_to_Live_002880.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2280"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/0/items/vd_is_for_everybody/vd_is_for_everybody.thumbs/vd_is_for_everybody_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Your Name Here (1960) 10min10sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2561"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/11/items/YourName1960/YourName1960.thumbs/YourName1960_000120.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2659"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/12/items/thecabinetofdrcaligari/thecabinetofdrcaligari.thumbs/KabinettDesDoktorCaligariDas_000960.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Cyrano De Bergerac (1950) 1hr53min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2402"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/27/items/Cyrano_DeBergerac/Cyrano_DeBergerac.thumbs/Cyrano_De_Bergerac_002100.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-12">
		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2778"><img src="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/18/items/TheEnchantedDrawing1900/TheEnchantedDrawing1900.thumbs/the-enchanted-drawing_000054.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Night Before Christmas (1905) 8min44sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/31/items/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie.thumbs/TheNightBeforeChristmas_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Stella Maris (1918) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2790"><img src="http://ia600706.us.archive.org/21/items/StellaMaris_665/StellaMaris_665.thumbs/StellaMarismarshallNeilan1918MaryPickford_002574.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936) 1hr40min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2786"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/14/items/little_lord_fauntleroy/little_lord_fauntleroy.thumbs/little_lord_fauntleroy_001320.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
		<td class="column-1">Time-Lapse Demolition of the Star Theatre, New York (1901) 1min49sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3363"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/3/items/star_theatre_1901/star_theatre_1901.thumbs/star_theatre_1901_000045.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Dream of Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland, California (1924) 7min23sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3358"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/17/items/TribuneA1924/TribuneA1924.thumbs/TribuneA1924_000030.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lost World (1925) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/6/items/lost_world/lost_world.thumbs/lost_world_002100.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Gulliver's Travels (1939) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/24/items/GulliversTravels720p/GulliversTravels720p.thumbs/GulliversTravels1939_004380.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-14">
		<td class="column-1"></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3292
title: Madame Tussaud’s Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Curiosities
uri: Madame-Tussaud-s-Napoleon-Relics-Pictures-and-Other-Curiosities
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/23/madame-tussauds-napoleon-relics/
content:
<div align="center">
<iframe src='http://www.archive.org/stream/catalogueofpictu00tussuoft?ui=embed#page/16/mode/2up' width='818px' height='732px' frameborder='0' ></iframe>

<br />
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Catalogue of Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Works of Art and Curiosities, compiled by W.Wheeler; 1901; Cassell, London.
</span>

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<br />
Madame Tussaud&#8217;s 1901 Catalogue of Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Works of Art and Curiosities. Although famous for her wax work models, the Madame Tussaud&#8217;s exhibition also featured a weird and wonderful array of historical memorabilia, including: a scrap of the cravat Charles I wore on the morning of his execution; the shrunken head of a South American chief; the oriental costume of Richard Burton; and an incredible medley of Napoleonic relics including numerous carriages, a lock of his hair, the bedsheets of his death bed, and a strip of the willow tree under which he used to sit and was eventually buried when in exile.  
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<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/catalogueofpictu00tussuoft">Open Library link</a>
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-2-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-2">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Letters From a Cat (1879)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/letters-from-a-cat/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6029/5926255857_dd107bbcd5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Castaway on the Auckland Isles: A Narrative of the Wreck of the "Grafton," (1865)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/castaway-on-the-auckland-isles-a-narrative-of-the-wreck-of-the-grafton-1865"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6014/5963292991_2926d4d77d_o.jpg"><br />
</a></td><td class="column-3">Infant's Cabinet of Birds and Beasts (1820)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/infants-cabine…-beasts-1820-2/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6137/5963292985_e427baf1da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Old French Fairytales (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/old-french-fairytales-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/5963292975_0047a86d70_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Armata: a fragment (1817)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/armata-a-fragment-1817/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6018/5977796996_e0a0fc40cd_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism (1803)<br />
<br />
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	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Cat and bird stories from the "Spectator" (1896)<br />
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		<td class="column-1">English as She is Spoke (1884)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1503"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6062/6046366952_ba41be4694_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Last American (1889)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1754"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6096675914_450e941c10_o.jpg"></a></td>
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	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Napoleon's Oraculum (1839)<br />
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		<td class="column-1">Superstitions About Animals (1904)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2267"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6110/6241413122_a6151abdef_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Diary of a Nobody (1919 edition)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2457"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6092/6288121551_c2119002b0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Attitudes of Animals in Motion, Illustrated with the Zoopraxiscope (1882)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2546"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6311375447_2483ece911_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Eccentric Mirror: Reflecting a Faithful and Interesting Delineation of Male and Female Characters, Ancient and Modern (1807)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2615"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6054/6337715127_c693cf04d1_o.jpg"></a></td>
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	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Uriah Jewett and the Sea Serpent of Lake Memphemagog (1917)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2781"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7159/6437807421_91e8d84ec9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Yuletide Entertainments (1910)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3001"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7015/6553725471_8021326d90_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Mythical Monsters (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3062"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7171/6694452449_5daa298a53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Madame Tussaud's Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Curiosities (1901)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3292"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/napoleonrelics-thumb.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">James Joyce's Chamber Music (1918 American Edition)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3389"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7163/6811397461_71ee32a833_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3139
title: An Unlikely Lunch: When Maupassant met Swinburne
uri: An-Unlikely-Lunch-When-Maupassant-met-Swinburne
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/24/an-unlikely-lunch-when-maupassant-met-swinburne/
content:
<p><strong>Julian Barnes on when a young Guy de Maupassant was invited to lunch at the holiday cottage of Algernon Swinburne. A flayed human hand, pornography, the serving of monkey meat, and inordinate amounts of alcohol, all made for a truly strange Anglo-French encounter.
<br />
<br />&#8230; and to accompany the article a <a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/index.php?page_id=2527">new translation</a> by Elliot Lewis of Maupassant&#8217;s &#8220;L’Anglais d’Etretat&#8221;.</strong></p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7142/6735953199_445d31a869_b.jpg" width="540" height="786" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Portrait of Swinburne by William Scott Bell, painted in 1860 when Swinburne was just 23 years old, 6 years before he'd publish his first book of poems.</p></div>

<p>In the first half of the 19th century, the British began to discover Normandy. Previously, the point of entry into France for most travellers had been Calais, which felt safely half-English, and where even the beggars importuned new arrivals in their own language. Those prepared to make the longer crossing to Dieppe were rewarded with a greater sense of strangeness: typified by the women in red-and-blue regional costume, clacking sabots and high white coifs that made them look like a cross between chefs and nuns. Hazlitt, passing through in 1824, noted that such headdresses were &#8220;much the same as those which the Spectator laughed out of countenance a hundred years ago in England&#8221;; and he concluded more generally that &#8220;In France one lives in the imagination of the past&#8221;. For the tourist, this meant antiquities and picturesque ruins within easy reach. The coastline was a further attraction: for those addicted to the new health-kick of sea-bathing, to the gentler pleasures of gambling (the casino at Dieppe opened in 1822), or to painting and sketching. Gradually, the journey from London became quicker &#8211; a combination of the London to Brighton railway and the new steam-packets brought the time down to a mere 11 hours by the 1840s. For centuries Dieppe&#8217;s main relationship with Britain had consisted of suffering occasional bombardment from the Royal Navy; now there were not just summer tourists, but year-round residents. There was even a quartier des Anglais (on the hill between the Paris road and the chateau), served by an Anglican chaplain and a British consul. And since the French more or less simultaneously decided to make Dieppe a sophisticated destination, the town flourished.</p>

<p>British artists had started coming here as soon as the Napoleonic wars were over. John Sell Cotman delighted in the luminous quality of the Dieppe light (it is an unpatriotic truth that looking north from Dieppe is more visually complex than looking south from Brighton); Turner came several times in the 1820s; Richard Parkes Bonington in the 1830s. We tend to associate the Normandy coastline &#8211; Etretat, Pourville, Varengeville, Fécamp &#8211; with Monet and the impressionists; but (as with Cézanne and Mont Sainte-Victoire) previous generations of painters had preceded them. Boudin, who later taught Monet the principles, and the necessity, of pleinairisme, painted in Dieppe, as did Corot and Daubigny; while Delacroix came here in 1850 and 1852. His diary contains an unflattering depiction of the English colony, whose invitation he had accepted out of boredom. He went to the salon of a certain Mrs Sheppard, and the next day rebuked himself: &#8220;What a fool you are, getting a sore throat from talking to idiots, arguing with petticoated silliness for a whole evening, with everyone going on about God, and &#8216;the justice of the world&#8217; and &#8216;good and evil&#8217;, and &#8216;progress&#8217;!&#8221;</p>

<p>Now that the Channel tunnel has restored most traffic to the more northerly crossing, and the ferry service from Newhaven runs at unfriendly hours, Dieppe has sunk back into being largely French again. Serious war damage makes it harder to recreate in the mind the century &#8211; from 1815 to 1914 &#8211; during which the town became so fashionable. By the 1850s it had &#8220;the smartest and most popular plage in France&#8221;; the casino was rebuilt at regular intervals, each time more extravagantly; the British laid out what was only the fourth golf course in France, while the Paris crowd came down for steeplechasing at the new racetrack. The Prince of Wales kept a mistress and perhaps an illegitimate child in Dieppe; Lord Salisbury, while prime minister, built himself a chalet outside the town and maintained that, thanks to the telegraph station at Beachy Head, he was in better contact with London than if he had been on a Scottish grouse moor.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7005/6736126447_7c792f77eb_o.jpg" width="540" height="456" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Autochrom photograph of holiday makers relaxing on the beach at Dieppe, ca. 1895</p></div>

<p>Simona Pakenham, who chronicled Dieppe&#8217;s Anglo-French entente in <em>60 Miles from England</em> (1967), commented tartly that &#8220;The English colony was generally indifferent to any form of culture&#8221;. But the French needed the arts as the British needed sports. So Liszt played at the Bains Chauds; Meyebeer came; Rossini composed an operetta for the theatre. By the end of the 19th century, the casino summer band was recognised as the best in the country, since it was filled by Parisian orchestral players on holiday. In 1907, one of its violists was promoted to conductor, and surprised everyone by directing all Beethoven&#8217;s symphonies from memory: this was Pierre Monteux, who six years later conducted the premiere of <em>The Rite of Spring</em>.</p>

<p>Not all the British visitors were philistines. The town was Sickert&#8217;s second home for several decades; and the British feature strongly in the impressive (and highly cosmopolitan) list of belle époque visitors to the town. These include Monet, Pissarro, Whistler, Degas, Renoir, Beardsley, Conder, Fritz Thurlaw (the Norwegian painter), Henry Harland (the editor of <em>The Yellow Book</em>), William Rothenstein, Proust, Saint-Saens, Fauré, Debussy, Maeterlinck, Puvis de Chavannes, Percy Grainger, Adelina Patti, George and Gerald du Maurier, Ernest Dowson, George Moore, Max Beerbohm, Annie Besant, Marie Tempest, John Barrymore and Gladys Cooper. The night boat of May 20 1897 brought Oscar Wilde, freshly sprung from Reading jail and carrying the manuscript of <em>De Profundis</em>. It is a small but interesting footnote to the history of the Dieppe ferry terminal that the two most noteworthy events there both involved pseudonyms. In 1848 Louis-Philippe, the last king of France, heading for exile in England, was hustled aboard a packet of the General Steam and Navigational Company bearing a passport in the suspiciously ordinary name of William Smith. Half a century later, Wilde came ashore, cloaked in the look-at-me alias of Sebastian Melmoth.</p>

<p>The British brought trade, money and work to Dieppe; they laid the railway, and built the town&#8217;s station with English bricks. Neither race was or is as hospitable as they like to imagine themselves, but a working cordiality existed between the French and the British. The portrait painter and socialite Jacques-Emile Blanche (1861-1942) operated for many years as a one-man diplomatic service, summering in Dieppe and wintering in London: his studio, just beneath the walls of the castle, was used by Degas, Whistler, Sargent, Boldini, Sickert, Conder, Beardsley and Helleu. &#8220;My dear friend,&#8221; Henry James said to Blanche, &#8220;Your Dieppe is a reduced Florence, every type of character for a novelist seems to gather there&#8221; &#8211; not that the Great Dieppe Novel was ever written. Such Anglo-French conviviality was helped by a willingness to speak one another&#8217;s language. Sickert was regarded as &#8220;un vrai Dieppois&#8221;, even managing the local fisherfolk&#8217;s patois; Wilde and Dowson both spoke and wrote excellent French. So did an English poet whose passing residence along the coast in 1868 led to one of the stranger Anglo-French literary encounters, one that echoed on for decades, in France at least. It also encapsulated the way the French preferred to see the British &#8211; and perhaps still do.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7172/6735953701_93d6805908_o.jpg" width="540" height="435" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Agitated Sea at Etretat, by Claude Monet from 1883, depicting the famous rocky archway through which Swinburne was swept out to sea in 1868.</p></div>

<p>Etretat, some 50 miles west of Dieppe, has become a high point of pilgrimage for the artistic faithful, who gather above its white cliffs &#8211; especially the one that curves down into a great chalk flying-buttress &#8211; to compare eroded reality with visual memories of Monet&#8217;s pictures. By 1868 the impressionists had not yet arrived: Etretat was a fishing town that also attracted a certain number of tourists and summer residents. Among their number that year were the 18-year-old Guy de Maupassant and his mother (the family chateau of Miromesnil, where Guy had been born, was a few miles outside Dieppe). The water and its attendant pursuits &#8211; swimming, boating, rowing &#8211; were to become a thematic constant in Maupassant&#8217;s life and work; so it&#8217;s appropriate that the water was what provoked the encounter between this muscular, boastfully heterosexual French prose writer and a petite homosexual English poet: Algernon Charles Swinburne.</p>

<p>Swinburne, then aged 31, was staying outside the town in a low thatched cottage belonging to his friend George Powell. The people of Etretat had Frenchly decided that Powell was a milord &#8211; even if one modestly concealing his real identity under his mother&#8217;s maiden name. (In fact, Powell was his real name, and he was uncoroneted. He was brought up on the family estate at Nanteos, near Aberystwyth, went to Eton and Oxford, and died at 40.) Maupassant later wrote that Powell&#8217;s &#8220;solitary and bizarre&#8221; way of life had astonished the local bourgeois and mariners who were &#8220;little used to British fantasies and eccentricities&#8221;; he himself was to be afforded a closer look at what such Britishness consisted of.</p>

<p>One September morning, Swinburne went swimming from the beach at Etretat and got into difficulties. According to Powell, treacherous undercurrents had carried the poet out to sea &#8220;through a rocky archway&#8221; (that very cliff formation Monet later celebrated). Ten minutes later Powell heard shouts from the clifftop that a man was drowning. He ran to the water&#8217;s edge, and after a few minutes received the news that Swinburne had been safely picked up by a fishing smack heading for nearby Yport. The poet, writing to his mother (and doubtless downplaying the event), described &#8220;a real sea adventure&#8221; in which he had been swept two miles out: &#8220;Luckily I was all right but very tired, and the result was that I made immense friends with all the fishermen and sailors about &#8211; who are quite the nicest people I ever knew.&#8221; Maupassant, who was somewhere near the scene, claimed that the poet had been &#8220;dead drunk&#8221; (despite it being ten o&#8217;clock in the morning); also, that he himself had gone out in one of the rescue boats; alternatively, that he had at the very least waded into the water and got soaked to the waist.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7024/6736015537_9facc15bd0_o.jpg" width="540" height="741" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Photograph of Maupassant taken by the famous portrait photographer Felix Nadar, ca. 1888, 20 years after his encounter with Swinburne at the Chaumière de Dolmancé.</p></div>

<p>Whatever the specifics of the near-drowning and the rescue, Maupassant received an invitation to lunch the next day from the grateful Powell. According to Swinburne (again writing to his mother), the place where they lived was an idyllic retreat: &#8220;Powell has got the sweetest little farmhouse fitted up with music, books, drawings, etc &#8230; and of course he pokes me into the nicest room &#8230; There is a wild little garden all uphill, and avenues of trees about. The sea is splendid, and the cliffs very like the Isle of Wight &#8211; two arches of rock each side of the bay, and one needle only, exactly like half the Freshwater pair.&#8221; Maupassant described his visit to the cottage on three separate occasions: orally to Flaubert, Alphonse Daudet and Edmond de Goncourt in February 1875, an account that Goncourt transcribed into his <em>Journal</em>; in a newspaper article of November 1882 for <em>Le Gaulois</em> (&#8220;L&#8217;Anglais d&#8217;Etretat&#8221;)<sup><a href="#fn1" id="ref1">1</a></sup>; and in his introduction to the French translation of Swinburne&#8217;s <em>Poems and Ballads</em> in 1891. Though the versions overlap and at times contradict one another, the main story line would have been enough to send the honest burghers of the Isle of Wight scaring up the libel lawyers.</p>

<p>Maupassant noted &#8220;an inscription over the door which I didn&#8217;t read on that first occasion&#8221; &#8211; though if he had, he would have known more what to expect. There were pictures everywhere, some &#8220;splendid&#8221;, others more like &#8220;the imaginings of a lunatic&#8221;. Powell was short and fat, Swinburne short and thin, &#8220;with a pointed face, a hydrocephalous forehead, pigeon-chested, agitated by a trembling which affected his glass with St Vitus&#8217; dance, and talking incessantly like a madman.&#8221; Here and there were laid out displays of bones; while a flayed human hand, supposedly that of a parricide, was the bohemian equivalent of a talking point. A large pet monkey was noisily present, being &#8220;titillated&#8221; by Powell, and trying to shove Maupassant&#8217;s head into his glass whenever he took a drink. Lunch included what the Frenchman assumed to be some kind of fish; though when he asked its name, his host &#8220;replied with a peculiar smile that it was meat, and I could not get any more out of him.&#8221; The fact that spirits rather than wine were served with lunch also struck the young Frenchman as peculiar &#8211; though perhaps was not all that surprising. Many of the British who were attracted to France at this time (not just artists and writers, but bankrupts, runaway fraudsters and bogus priests, mixed up with respectable folk seeking to make a pension stretch further than it did in England) were struck by the cheapness of French spirits &#8211; which also, of course, made them drunker quicker.</p>

<p>After lunch the two Englishmen brought out some gigantic portfolios and showed young Guy &#8211; perhaps in a misguided attempt to groom him &#8211; pornographic photographs taken in Germany, all of male subjects. &#8220;I remember one of an English soldier masturbating on a pane of glass.&#8221; Powell was by this time very drunk, and kept sucking the fingers of the flayed hand (which was apparently used as a paperweight). A young servant came in, and the portfolio was swiftly closed. In these exotic and ghoulish surroundings, the conversation proceeded at the highest cultural level. Swinburne, who had published his first series of <em>Poems and Ballads</em> two years previously, and was already notorious in his own country, displayed &#8220;an immense fund of learning&#8221;. He translated some of his poems into French for Maupassant&#8217;s benefit, and enthused about Victor Hugo (whose entry in the <em>Encyclopaedia Britannica</em> he was subsequently to write). Powell for his part had been to Iceland and brought back a store of old songs and legends which he had translated. The two men struck Maupassant as &#8220;singularly original, remarkable and bizarre&#8221;, a pair of hallucinatory visionaries in the tradition of Poe and ETA Hoffmann. &#8220;If genius,&#8221; he concluded, &#8220;is, as people say, a kind of delirium of the higher intelligence, then Algernon Charles Swinburne is assuredly a genius.&#8221;</p>

<div id="attachment_3281" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 550px"><a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/swinburne-vanityfair.jpg"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/swinburne-vanityfair.jpg" alt="" title="swinburne-vanityfair" width="540" height="812" class="size-full wp-image-3281" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Caricature of Swinburne by &quot;Ape&quot; Carlo Pellegrini, featured in Vanity Fair, November 1874.</p></div>

<p>Maupassant accepted a second invitation to lunch a few days later. This passed more peacefully, since the intrusive monkey was now dead, hanged from a tree by the young servant. Powell had ordered a huge block of granite for its tomb. At the end of the meal the two visionaries gave the Frenchman some liquor which nearly knocked him out; taking fright, he fled back to his hotel. Even so, he made one last visit, in the course of which he drew attention to the inscription above their door. It read: Chaumière de Dolmancé (Dolmancé&#8217;s Cottage). Maupassant asked the Englishmen if they knew who Dolmancé was (the hero and homosexual corrupter of Sade&#8217;s <em>La Philosophie dans le Boudoir</em>). They said that indeed they did. &#8220;Then that is the sign of the house?&#8221; Maupassant asked. &#8220;If you like,&#8221; they replied, &#8220;with terrifying expressions on their faces.&#8221; The Frenchman again fled, avoiding Swinburne and Powell thereafter.</p>

<p>The account in the <em>Goncourt Journal</em>, as translated and edited by Robert Baldick (OUP, 1962), breaks off at this point. Perhaps for reasons of space, but more likely for reasons of taste in that only just post-Chatterley era, the rest of the French text was excised. In it, Maupassant continued:</p>

<blockquote>Yes, they lived there together, satisfying themselves with monkeys or with young servant lads of fourteen or fifteen, sent out to Powell from England every three months or so: little servant boys of exquisite cleanness and freshness. The monkey that slept in Powell&#8217;s bed and shat in it every night was hanged by the servant boy, partly out of jealousy but also out of annoyance at having to change the sheets all the time.

The house was full of strange noises and the shadows of sadism; one night, Powell was seen and heard firing a revolver in the garden at a black man. Those two were real Sadeian heroes, who wouldn&#8217;t have held back even from crime. Then this house, so full of living mystery, was suddenly silent, suddenly empty. Powell just disappeared, and no one knew how he had got away. No carriage was ever called for him, and no one had met him on the roads.</blockquote>

<p>This is a rather novelistic ending, perhaps unsurprising given that Maupassant had had seven years to work up the story, and that it was being both told, and written down, by a fiction writer. At other times he ended the story differently. The 1882 account concludes with Maupassant going back to the Sadeian cottage a couple of years later, discovering that its contents were being sold off, and buying, as a souvenir of the two Englishmen, the parricide&#8217;s flayed hand. The block of granite had by now been raised into the monkey&#8217;s sepulchre, and the incident with the revolver is given fuller explanation. It was the young servant who was black, and it was he who was being shot at by an enraged Powell for having hanged the monkey. &#8220;Afterwards, the lad wandered around for days without food or a roof over his head, and then reappeared and began to sell barley-sugar in the streets of Etretat. He was finally expelled from the district after having very nearly strangled a customer who complained about his goods.&#8221;</p>

<p>Maupassant&#8217;s later versions also elaborate on the suspicious protein the Englishmen served. In his 1882 account, he strongly suspects that it might have been monkey, not least because it was said to be common knowledge in Etretat that &#8220;this Englishman [Powell] ate only monkey &#8211; boiled, roasted, sautéed, or in a confit&#8221;. By the time of the 1891 account, Maupassant claims he had knowingly eaten spit-roasted monkey &#8211; indeed, the joint had been ordered in his honour from a purveyor of exotic meats in Le Havre. However, &#8220;The mere smell of the dish as I entered the house made me feel queasy, and the dreadful taste of the animal permanently removed all subsequent desire ever again to repeat such a meal.&#8221;</p>

<p>This gastronomic queasiness did not imply any broader moral or social revulsion; quite the contrary. Maupassant, doubtless hoping to provoke readers of <em>Le Gaulois</em>, concluded his 1882 account thus: &#8220;The world would be a lot jollier if one came across ménages like that one a little more often.&#8221; He certainly played up the theme of the innocent young Frenchman (even if one already alive to Sadeian reference) falling into a nest of genial English perverts intent on displaying national characteristics. Goncourt deliberately drew on Maupassant&#8217;s description of Swinburne and Powell when writing his novel <em>La Faustin</em> (1882), in which an 18th-century English sadist called George Selwyn not only displays many of Swinburne&#8217;s mannerisms, but also happens to retire to a cottage on the coast called Chaumière de Dolmancé. However, all of Maupassant&#8217;s versions, despite their dwelling on perversity, are underpinned by deep admiration for the duo: for their literary and artistic passion, their rejection of bourgeois living, their recklessness and bravado.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7024/6735951863_2c2f4c20d7_o.jpg" width="540" height="607" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Painting of Swinburne by Gabriel Dante  Rossetti, 1862.</p></div>

<p>The French have traditionally regarded biography as a rather low form, being either mere gossip, or at best a reductive process, one that tethers the work to the life, rather than recognising the extent to which the work flies free of it. The Anglo-Saxon tradition is more tethering and more moralising; the biographer&#8217;s overt or tacit intention too often being, as John Updike has put it, to &#8220;reduce celebrities to a set of antics and ailments to which we can feel superior&#8221;. Whereas it never occurred to Maupassant to feel superior, or think that Swinburne&#8217;s extravagant life in any way invalidated, diminished or necessarily coloured his work. This is partly a matter of Flaubertian aesthetics; partly the consequence of how the French saw, and to some extent still see, the British. They think of us as polite, unspontaneous beings trained to such control and self-control that sometimes the lid has to blow off, both in art and life. Hence our personal eccentricities and a line of artistic non-conformity. Contemporary British writers are still being fitted into this historic schema. I remember once trying to keep a straight face when a French journalist, seeking to place me in my proper English context, proposed that my key literary ancestors were Laurence Sterne, Lewis Carroll and Monty Python. Of course I enthusiastically agreed.</p>

<p>Maupassant never doubted that Swinburne was a genius. &#8220;He is a poet of exalted and frenzied lyricism, who is not in the least interested in the humble, decent reality which contemporary French artists obstinately and patiently seek; rather he strives to depict dreams and subtle thoughts which are sometimes ingenious and grand, sometimes inflated, but even so magnificent.&#8221; And it was the same when other British writers and artists of the time came up for French description and judgment. The French expected them to behave in peculiar ways, but declined to allow amusement or shock at their habits to affect aesthetic judgment. Jacques-Emile Blanche wrote of Sickert living in Dieppe for &#8220;thirty years, married, divorced, remarried, widower, or about to remarry&#8221;, moving between smart society and the obscure lodgings he shared with a red-haired fishmongress, and doing crazy things such as cutting off his hair to surprise a small girl; and in all those 30 years nobody ever saw him paint. None of this stopped the French accepting him as a true Dieppois and a true artist: &#8220;He was to be the painter of Dieppe. No other artist so perfectly felt and expressed the character of the town, whose Canaletto he has become.&#8221; Degas&#8217;s judgment on Wilde, after the 28-year-old Oscar had visited the painter&#8217;s Paris studio, was: &#8220;He behaves as if he&#8217;s playing Lord Byron in some suburban theatre.&#8221; Goncourt called Wilde <em>un puffiste</em> (a braggart, a blagger), and thought even his homosexuality wasn&#8217;t particular to himself, but imitative, if not plagiaristic: he had copied it from Verlaine, and also from Swinburne. The diarist Jules Renard wrote cuttingly, &#8220;He has at least the originality of being an Englishman&#8221; &#8211; the French never quite got hold of Wilde&#8217;s Irish connection. But while they saw him as a false human being, they judged him a true poet.</p>

<p>The British who disembarked at Dieppe the century before last were often surprised by the cheerful affability of the people they encountered. When Hazlitt was staying in Dieppe, &#8220;A man and woman came and sang &#8216;God Save the King&#8217; before the windows of the Hotel, as if the French had so much loyalty at present that they can spare us some of it.&#8221; (Hazlitt correctly noted that a reciprocal gesture beneath the windows of a Brighton or Dover hotel would be highly improbable.) A year after the incident at Etretat, Swinburne returned to stay with Powell at the Chaumière de Dolmancé once again. In the town, he was &#8220;rather astounded at finding myself rushed at, seized by the arms and legs, hoisted and cheered, and carried all down the street with shouts of welcome, by the fisher folk and sailors who knew me again at once&#8221;. Powell said to him, &#8220;Why, don&#8217;t you know you&#8217;re their hero?&#8221; &#8211; a status Swinburne thought unmerited by the mere act of not quite drowning.</p>

<p>The poet memorialised his time on the Normandy coast in two ways. For the rest of his life he kept the &#8220;outsize garments&#8221; (outsize because he was so tiny) in which the rescuing fishermen had dressed him. And in his 1883 collection, <em>A Century of Roundels</em>, he published a poem called &#8220;Past Days&#8221;:</p>

<blockquote>
Above the sea and sea-washed town we dwelt,<br />
We twain together, two brief summers, free<br />
From heed of hours as light as clouds that melt<br />
Above the sea.
</blockquote>

<p>The poem is partly a lament &#8211; for the dead Powell, and for passing time; also an idyll recreating &#8220;the days we had together&#8221; among &#8220;The Norman downs with bright grey waves for belt&#8221; and the &#8220;bright small seaward towns&#8221;. It is singularly lacking in references to monkey meat or Sadeian practices. Despite Swinburne&#8217;s considerable reputation in France, it seems that he and Maupassant never again met. What Maupassant, or his heirs, did with the flayed human hand is not recorded.
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<p><sup id="fn1">1. [Maupassant's 1882 short story "L’Anglais d’Etretat" has been <a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/index.php?page_id=2527">translated into English</a> by Elliot Lewis especially for The Public Domain Review, and is published under a <a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/legal/">Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license</a>]<a href="#ref1" title="Jump back to footnote 1 in the text.">↩</a></sup></p>

<p><br /></p>

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<p><i>Julian Barnes is the author of three books of stories, books of essays, a translation of Alphonse Daudet’s <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0224062670/ref=as_li_qf_sp_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=6738&#038;creativeASIN=0224062670">In the Land of Pain</a>, and numerous novels, including <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0099540061/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0099540061">Metroland</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=0099540061" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 published in 1980. His recent publications include <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0099552477/ref=as_li_qf_sp_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=6738&#038;creativeASIN=0099552477">Pulse</a>, a collection of short stories, and <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0224094157/ref=as_li_qf_sp_asin_il_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=6738&#038;creativeASIN=0224094157">The Sense of an Ending</a>, winner of the 2011 Man Booker Prize. In France, he is the only writer to have won both the Prix Médicis and the Prix Fémina, and in 2004 he became a Commandeur de l’Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. In England his honors include the Somerset Maugham Award and the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize. He has also received the E. M. Forster Award from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters and the San Clemente literary prize. In 2011 he was awarded the David Cohen Prize for Literature. Awarded biennially, the prize honours a lifetime’s achievement in literature for a writer in the English language who is a citizen of the United Kingdom or the Republic of Ireland.</i></p>

<p><br /></p>

<h1>Links to Works</h1>

<p><br /></p>

<ul>
<li><p><em>The Englishman of Etretat</em> (1882) by Guy de Maupassant</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/index.php?page_id=2527">Translated into the English by Elliot Lewis</a></li>
<li><a href="http://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/L%E2%80%99Anglais_d%E2%80%99%C3%89tretat">French original</a> </li>
</ul></li>
<li><p><em>The Poems of Algernon Charles Swinburne</em>, in 6 volumes (1904)</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/algernoncharless01swiniala">Volume 1 &#8211; <em>Poems and Ballads</em></a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/algernoncharless02swiniala">Volume 2 &#8211; <em>Songs Before Sunrise</em> and <em>Songs of Two Nations</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/algernoncharless03swiniala">Volume 3 &#8211; <em>Poems and Ballads (2nd and 3rd series) and *Songs of the Springtides</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/poemsofalgernonc04swin">Volume 4 &#8211; <em>Tristram of Lyonesse, The Tale of Balen, Atalanta in Calydon</em>, and <em>Erechtheus</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/algernoncharless05swiniala">Volume 5 &#8211; <em>Studies in song, Century of roundels, Sonnets on English dramatic poets</em>, and <em>The Heptalogia</em></li>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/poemsofalgernonc06swiniala">Volume 6 &#8211; <em>A Midsummer Holiday, Astrophel, A Channel Passage</em> and <em>Other Poems</em></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3311
title: The Embalming Jars of Frederik Ruysch
uri: The-Embalming-Jars-of-Frederik-Ruysch
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/24/the-embalming-jars-of-frederik-ruysch/
content:
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<img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7001/6754285557_87a2717fb7_z.jpg" alt="" />

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Frederic Ruysch (1638-1731) was a Dutch botanist and anatomist, remembered mainly for his groundbreaking methods of anatomical preservation and the creation of his carefully arranged scenes incorporating human body parts. These remarkable &#8216;still life&#8217; displays blurred the boundary between the demonstrative element of scientific preservation and the symbolic and allegorical of vanitas art. As well as his larger more elaborate anatomical displays (as seen above) he would also keep his specimens of limbs, fetuses and the carcasses of small animals carefully embalmed in individual glass jars. Offsetting the macabre contents he would create &#8216;flowering&#8217; lids, decorating them with beads, fishes, shells, artificial flowers and lacy garments &#8211; the little scenes often echoing the life the jar&#8217;s contents had once known.
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(Above image from the <a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/dreamanatomy/da_g_I-C-1-03.html">National Library of Medicine</a>. Below images extracted from Ruysch&#8217;s <i>Thesaurus animalium primus</i> (1710) housed by the <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/fredericiruischi00ruys">Internet Archive</a>)

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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-3-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-3">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Doorstep<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1288"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6209/6023844250_a340b6cfc8_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Spirit Photographs of William Hope<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1301"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6021/5963926880_6796ce887a_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Maps of Piri Reis<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1315"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6025/5963926888_f9a9db72f1_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Dr Julius Neubronner's Miniature Pigeon Camera<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1330"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6007/5963926890_2141effc6c_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Art in Art<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1359"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6192/6024864047_73cc2bce65_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Huexotzinco Codex<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1373"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6024864049_7667e37edc_o.jpg"></a><br />
</td><td class="column-3">Sessions for the Blind at Sunderland Museum<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/09/sessions-for-the-blind-at-sunderland-museum/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6075/6024903179_9793619652_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Eugène von Guérard's Australian Landscapes<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1468"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6193/6045423237_850760a2a1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Landscape and Marine Views of Norway<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1513"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6090/6049185090_2740e7c0e7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-mechanism-of-human-physiognomy/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6191/6059149653_5b7e4f63e0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Space Colony Art from the 1970s<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1643"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6063/6072822813_748425d648_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Men in Wigs<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1657"><br />
<img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6196/6076698488_c0d804b2f0_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">De humana physiognomonia libri IIII (1586)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1760"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6023/6097105906_f3615427ca_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Field Columbian Museum<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1898"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6186/6143148873_0d68233381_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Maps from Geographicus<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2011"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6159/6172345356_72dcabba03_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Arnoldus Montanus' New and Unknown World (1671)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2108"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6172/6194502991_d733a9de80_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">World War II from the Air<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2241"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6060/6240850672_fbe7ec4af4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Halloween Postcards<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2470"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6291039497_f95a6df059_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Engravings by Dominicus Custos<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2461"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6043/6301524069_87b3660466_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Kodak No.1 Circular Snapshots<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2607"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6034/6331890582_1cb9bff242_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Kitab al-Bulhan or Book of Wonders (late 14thC.)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2648"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6109/6352453941_2f15515a88_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Daddy Long Legs of Brighton<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2861"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7006/6477203705_ec35483e53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Amundsen's South Pole Expedition (1912)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2894"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7148/6509959519_9c1221fc97_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">A Catalogue of Polish Bishops<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3053"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7009/6684168809_f63f1699f9_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Harry Clarke's illustrations for Edgar Allan Poe (1919)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3203"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7141/6726271725_32d8aa6260_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Embalming Jars of Frederik Ruysch (1710)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3311"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7001/6754179799_9d524636da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Labors of the Months from the Très Riches Heures (1416)<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3451"><br />
<img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7003/6840962237_d2f492a2ee_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
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</table>
 

</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3363
title: Time-Lapse Demolition of the Star Theatre, New York (1902)
uri: Time-Lapse-Demolition-of-the-Star-Theatre-New-York-(1902)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/29/time-lapse-demolition-of-the-star-theatre-new-york-1901/
content:
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<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/star_theatre_1901" width="640" height="480" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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Time-lapse shot of the demolition of the Star Theatre in New York City, one brick at a time. Produced by American Mutoscope and Biograph Company and preserved by the Library of Congress.
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<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/star_theatre_1901">Download from Internet Archive</a>
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<font size="1">Note this film is in the public domain in the US, but may not be in other jurisdictions. Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
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		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia700307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_000073.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1827"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/22/items/Never_Weaken_1921/Never_Weaken_1921.thumbs/Never_Weaken_1921_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Intolerance (1916) 2hr57min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1820"><br />
<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1816"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/14/items/Quicksand_clear/Quicksand_clear.thumbs/Quicksand_001860.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1954"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6200/6158664220_2d772d57d5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Betty Boop: Minnie The Moocher (1932) 7min46sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1965"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/2/items/bb_minnie_the_moocher/bb_minnie_the_moocher.thumbs/bb_minnie_the_moocher_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Phantom of the Opera (1925) 1hr46min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1943"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/23/items/ThePhantomoftheOpera/ThePhantomoftheOpera.thumbs/Phantom_of_the_Opera_001320.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Suddenly (1954) 1hr16mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1279"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/10/items/suddenly/suddenly.thumbs/suddenly_004320.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-10">
		<td class="column-1">Buffalo Dance (1894) 14sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2135"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/10/items/SF126/SF126.thumbs/SF126_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">American Day in Tripoli, Libya (1962) 14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2394"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/21/items/gov.archives.arc.37715/gov.archives.arc.37715.thumbs/gov.archives.arc.37715_000810.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Thief of Bagdad (1924) 2hr20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2148"><img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/25/items/ThiefOfBagdad1924/ThiefOfBagdad1924.thumbs/ThiefofBagdad1924_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Five Minutes to Live (1961) 1hr14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1683"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/7/items/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi.thumbs/Five_Minutes_to_Live_002880.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2280"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/0/items/vd_is_for_everybody/vd_is_for_everybody.thumbs/vd_is_for_everybody_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Your Name Here (1960) 10min10sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2561"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/11/items/YourName1960/YourName1960.thumbs/YourName1960_000120.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2659"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/12/items/thecabinetofdrcaligari/thecabinetofdrcaligari.thumbs/KabinettDesDoktorCaligariDas_000960.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Cyrano De Bergerac (1950) 1hr53min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2402"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/27/items/Cyrano_DeBergerac/Cyrano_DeBergerac.thumbs/Cyrano_De_Bergerac_002100.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-12">
		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2778"><img src="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/18/items/TheEnchantedDrawing1900/TheEnchantedDrawing1900.thumbs/the-enchanted-drawing_000054.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Night Before Christmas (1905) 8min44sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/31/items/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie.thumbs/TheNightBeforeChristmas_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Stella Maris (1918) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2790"><img src="http://ia600706.us.archive.org/21/items/StellaMaris_665/StellaMaris_665.thumbs/StellaMarismarshallNeilan1918MaryPickford_002574.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936) 1hr40min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2786"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/14/items/little_lord_fauntleroy/little_lord_fauntleroy.thumbs/little_lord_fauntleroy_001320.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
		<td class="column-1">Time-Lapse Demolition of the Star Theatre, New York (1901) 1min49sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3363"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/3/items/star_theatre_1901/star_theatre_1901.thumbs/star_theatre_1901_000045.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Dream of Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland, California (1924) 7min23sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3358"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/17/items/TribuneA1924/TribuneA1924.thumbs/TribuneA1924_000030.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lost World (1925) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/6/items/lost_world/lost_world.thumbs/lost_world_002100.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Gulliver's Travels (1939) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/24/items/GulliversTravels720p/GulliversTravels720p.thumbs/GulliversTravels1939_004380.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-14">
		<td class="column-1">Dog Factory (1904) 4min37sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3505"><img src="http://ia700403.us.archive.org/9/items/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa.thumbs/Dog_factory_Part_1_1904_000027.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3358
title: The dream of Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland, California (1924)
uri: The-dream-of-Mrs-L-L-Nicholson-from-Oakland-California-(1924)
url:
http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/01/29/the-dream-of-mrs-l-l-nicholson-from-oakland-california-1924/

content:
<div align="center">

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/TribuneA1924" width="640" height="480" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
In 1924 California&#8217;s Tribune-American newspaper ran a competition for its readers to write in with their most unusual dreams and the winning entry was made into a short film. This is Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland&#8217;s dream of losing her baby, rowing across San Francisco Bay, picking up some fish, and eventually discovering her lost child in a most unusual place and in trouble with the law. 
<br />
<br />
Internet Archive user &#8220;kingwaylon&#8221; has added a nice homemade soundtrack to this version <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/DreamPicture_759">here</a>.
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/TribuneA1924">Download from Internet Archive</a>
<br />
<br />
<font size="1">Note this film is in the public domain in the US, but may not be in other jurisdictions. Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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<hr />
<br />

 
<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia700307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_000073.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
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<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
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	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
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	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
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		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
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	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
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	</tr>
	<tr class="row-14">
		<td class="column-1">Dog Factory (1904) 4min37sec<br />
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	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3389
title: James Joyce’s Chamber Music (1918 American Edition)
uri: James-Joyce-s-Chamber-Music-(1918-American-Edition)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/03/james-joyces-chamber-music-1918-american-edition/
content:
<div align="center">
<iframe src='http://www.archive.org/stream/chambermusic00joyc?ui=embed#mode/2up' width='818px' height='732px' frameborder='0' ></iframe>

<br />
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Chamber Music, by James Joyce; 1918; B.W.Huebsch, New York.</span>

<br />
<br />
Collection of love poems by James Joyce, originally published by Elkin Matthews in May, 1907, the same year he refused Joyce&#8217;s manuscript for Dubliners. Composed and revised between 1901 and 1906, the bulk of them were written for an imagined love, before he first &#8216;stepped out&#8217; with his wife to be Nora in 16 June 1904. The title &#8220;Chamber Music&#8221; was reportedly a pun relating to the sound of urine tinkling in a chamber pot, though this seems to be a later embellishment by Joyce of the title&#8217;s meaning. 
<br /><br />
Joyce to Stannie, Feb 1907:


<blockquote>I don&#8217;t like the book but wish it were published and be damned to it. However, it is a young man&#8217;s book. I felt like that. It is not a book of love-verses at all, I perceive. But some of them are pretty enough to be put to music. I hope someone will do so, someone that knows old English music such as I like. Besides they are not pretentious and have a certain grace. I will keep a copy myself and (so far as I can remember) at the top of each page I will put an address, or a street so that when I open the book I can revisit the places where I wrote the different songs.</blockquote>


<br /><br />
Joyce to Stannie, 11 Feb 1907:


<blockquote>I have certain ideas I would like to give form to: not as a doctrine but as the continuation of the expression of myself which I now see I began in Chamber Music. These ideas or instincts or intuitions or impulses may be purely personal. I have no wish to codify myself as anarchist or socialist or reactionary&#8230;</blockquote>


<br /><br />
Joyce to Stannie, April 1907, debating cancelling the book:


<blockquote>All that kind of thing is false&#8230; (Ellmann&#8217;s paraphrase: &#8230;insincerity and fakery&#8230; an ironic note to make them modern&#8230; essentially poems for lovers and he was no lover).</blockquote>

<br /><br />
Joyce to Nora, 21 Aug 1909:


<blockquote>I like to think of you reading my verses (though it took you five years to find them out). When I wrote them I was a strange lonely boy, walking about by myself at night and thinking that some day a girl would love me. But I never could speak to the girls I used to meet at houses. Their false manners checked me at once. Then you came to me. You were not in a sense the girl for whom I had dreamed and written the verses you find now so enchanting. She was perhaps (as I saw her in my imagination) a girl fashioned into a curious grave beauty by the culture of generations before her, the woman for whom I wrote poems like &#8216;Gentle lady&#8217; or &#8216;Thou leanest to the shell of night&#8217;. But then I saw that the beauty of your soul outshone that of my verses. There was something in you higher than anything I had put into them. And for this reason the book of verses is for you. It holds the desire of my youth and you, darling, were the fulfilment of that desire.</blockquote>


<br /><br />
In Nov 1909 Joyce had an elaborate handwritten copy bound as a Christmas present for Nora including this comment:


<blockquote>Perhaps this book I send you now will outlive both you and me. Perhaps the fingers of some young man or young girl (our children&#8217;s children) may turn over its parchment leaves reverently when the two lovers whose initials are interlaced on the cover have long vanished from the earth. Nothing will remain then, dearest, of our poor human passion-driven bodies and who can say where the souls that looked on each other through their eyes will then be. I would pray that my soul be scattered in the wind if God would but let me blow softly for ever about one strange lonely dark-blue rain-drenched flower in a wild hedge at Aughrim or Oranmore.</blockquote>


<br />
<br />
Joyce to Gorman, 1931:


<blockquote>I wrote Chamber Music as a protest against myself.</blockquote>


<br />
<br />
<a href="http://openlibrary.org/books/OL24818640M/Chamber_music">Open Library link</a>
<br />
<br />
<font size="1">Note this text is in the public domain in the EU (and other countries with a 70+ years term on copyright), but may not be in other jurisdictions (e.g. the U.S.). Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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		<td class="column-1">James Joyce's Chamber Music (1918 American Edition)<br />
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</tbody>
</table>
 

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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3401
title: Phillis Wheatley: an Eighteenth-century Genius in Bondage
uri: Phillis-Wheatley-an-Eighteenth-century-Genius-in-Bondage
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/06/phillis-wheatley-an-eighteenth-century-genius-in-bondage/
content:
<p><strong>Transported as a slave from West Africa to America when just a child, Phillis Wheatley published in 1773 at the age of 20 her <em>Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral</em>. Vincent Carretta takes a look at the remarkable life of the first ever African-American woman to be published.</strong></p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7013/6825108755_3e1d6f4257_o.jpg" width="540" height="686" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Frontispiece from Wheatley&#039;s <i>Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral</i> (1773).</p></div>

<p>The African-American poet Phillis Wheatley has achieved iconic status in American culture. A 174-word letter from her to a fellow servant of African descent in 1776 sold at auction in 2005 for $253,000, well over double what it had been expected to fetch, and the highest price ever paid for a letter by a woman of African descent. Elementary, middle, and high schools throughout the United States bear her name. A prominent statue in Boston memorializes her. Wheatley is the subject of numerous recent stories written for children and adolescents. Googling “Phillis Wheatley” turns up about 665,000 items.</p>

<p>The author we now know as Phillis Wheatley was born around 1753 somewhere in West Africa, probably between present-day Gambia and Ghana. She was forced to endure the Middle Passage from Africa to America when she was about seven or eight years old, and brought to Boston, where she was sold as a domestic servant to John and Susanna Wheatley. They called her Phillis, after the name of the slave ship that brought her from Africa. Encouraged by her owners, Phillis Wheatley quickly became literate and began writing poetry that soon found its way into local newspapers. Notwithstanding the prejudices against her race, social status, gender, and age, Wheatley became the first published woman of African descent in 1767. She gained international recognition with her funeral elegy on the death of the evangelist George Whitefield, addressed to his English patron, the Countess of Huntingdon, and published in Boston and London in 1770. By 1772 Wheatley had written enough poems to enable her to try to capitalize on her growing transatlantic reputation by producing a book of previously published and new works. Unable to find a publisher in Boston, in part because of racial prejudice, Wheatley and her owners successfully sought a London publisher and Huntingdon’s patronage in 1773 for her <em>Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral</em>.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7021/6825109873_8a94e1f586_o.jpg" width="540" height="796" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Letter from John Wheatley to the English publisher as featured in Wheatley&#039;s <i>Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral</i> (1773)</p></div>

<p>Phillis Wheatley’s trip to London with her master’s son to arrange for the publication of her book was a turning point in her personal and professional lives. Her six-week stay in London enabled her to establish a network of associations that included many of the militarily, politically, religiously, and socially most important people in North America and Britain She arrived in England a year after a court decision declared that slave owners could not legally compel their slaves to return to the colonies. Phillis returned to Boston shortly before her book was published. Within a month of her return she wrote a friend that she had been freed “at the desire of my friends in England.” She had apparently agreed to return only after her owner was compelled to promise to free her if she did.</p>

<p>The assertiveness that Phillis probably displayed in her dealings with Nathaniel Wheatley was anticipated more subtly in her Poems. Wheatley does not hesitate in Poems to proclaim her African heritage. Her opening poem, &#8220;To Maecenas,&#8221; thanks her unnamed patron, loosely imitating Classical models such as Virgil and Horace&#8217;s poems dedicated to Maecenas, the Roman politician and patron of the arts. Emphasizing in a footnote that the Classical Roman poet Terence &#8220;was an African by birth,&#8221; Wheatley implies that her &#8220;Maecenas&#8221; has enabled her to claim a place in the Western literary tradition, which has included Africans since its beginning. Elsewhere in her poems, Wheatley appropriates the persona of authority or power normally associated with men and her social superiors. For example, in &#8220;To the University of Cambridge, in New-England,&#8221; first composed when she was about fifteen years old, Wheatley speaks as a teacher to students, or a minister to his flock, in addressing the young men of what was to become Harvard University, many of whom were being trained there to become ministers themselves.</p>

<p>Several of Wheatley&#8217;s poems demonstrate a nuanced treatment of slavery unrecognized by some of her critics. For example, written in October 1772 to celebrate Dartmouth&#8217;s appointment the previous August, &#8220;To the Right Honourable WILLIAM, Earl of Dartmouth, His Majesty&#8217;s Principal Secretary of State for North America, &amp;c.&#8221; is one of the most carefully crafted poems in the 1773 volume. In it Wheatley re-appropriates the concept of slavery from its common metaphorical use in the colonial rhetoric of discontent, which described any perceived limitation on colonial rights and liberty as an attempt by England to &#8220;enslave&#8221; (white) Americans. Wheatley appears to use slavery in this conventional sense in the poem:</p>

<blockquote>No more, America, in mournful strain<br />
    Of wrongs, and grievance unredress&#8217;d complain,<br />
    No longer shall thou dread the iron chain,<br />
    Which wanton Tyranny with lawless hand<br />
    Had made, and with it meant t&#8217;enslave the land.</blockquote>

<p>But Wheatley&#8217;s reference to her authority to speak against this conventionally metaphorical slavery reminds her readers of the reality of chattel slavery trivialized by the political metaphor:</p>

<blockquote>Should you, my lord, while you peruse my song,<br />
Wonder from whence my love of Freedom sprung,<br />
Whence flow these wishes for the common good,<br />
By feeling hearts alone best understood,<br />
I, young in life, by seeming cruel fate<br />
Was snatch&#8217;d from Afric&#8217;s fancy&#8217;d happy seat<br />
. . . .<br />
Such, such my case. And can I then but pray<br />
Others may never feel tyrannic sway?</blockquote>

<p>Having gone to England as an enslaved African Briton, Wheatley returned to the colonies prepared to embrace the free African-American identity that the American Revolution soon made available to her. Her anti-slavery stance became more overt once she was free than in her poems published while she had been enslaved. She denounces slave owners as “Modern Egyptians” in a letter to the Indian Presbyterian minister Samson Occom that was widely reprinted in newspapers in March 1774 throughout New England, as well as in Canada. Wheatley increasingly came to believe that the colonial struggle for freedom from Britain would lead to the end of slavery in the former colonies. In her poem “To His Excellency General Washington” Wheatley pledged her allegiance in 1776 to the revolutionary cause, hoping that even the most eminent slave owner in North America would ultimately apply the revolutionary ideology of equality and liberty to people of African as well as European descent. In the poem &#8220;On the Death of General Wooster,&#8221; included in a letter to Wooster&#8217;s widow, Mary, on July 15, 1778, Wheatley exclaims, &#8220;But how, presumptuous shall we hope to find/Divine acceptance with th&#8217;Almighty mind—/While yet (O deed ungenerous!) they disgrace/And hold in bondage Afric&#8217;s blameless race?&#8221;</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7141/6825226945_b48ed54880_o.jpg" width="540" height="449" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Portrait of Phillis Wheatley which appeared in <i>Revue des Colonies</i> in Paris between 1834 and 1842 (Source: Schomburg Center)</p></div>

<p>The hopes that Phillis Wheatley brought home with her from England were soon frustrated. She did not live to see the enfranchisement of her fellow people of African descent. Nor was she able to publish a second volume. Susanna Wheatley died within months of Phillis’s return from London. Phillis married John Peters, a free black, on Thanksgiving Day, 1778, eight months after John Wheatley died. Although the marriage of Phillis and John Peters was initially prosperous, they soon fell victim to the general economic depression that followed the war. Peters, who at various times in his life advertised himself as a lawyer, physician, and gentleman was repeatedly jailed for debt. He was probably in prison when Phillis died on 5 December 1784, when she was about thirty-one years old. The cause of her death is unknown, but it may have been related to the “Asthmatic complaint” she suffered from in previous winters. The first American edition of her Poems was not published until 1786, in Philadelphia.</p>

<p>Wheatley was the first person of African descent to publish a book, and consequently the first international celebrity of African descent. She also founded the literary tradition of English-speaking authors of African descent. Although Wheatley never met her contemporaries Jupiter Hammon, an enslaved African-American poet, Philip Quaque, an African-born Christian missionary to Africa, or Ignatius Sancho, a renowned contemporaneous African-British author, they all knew of her and her writings. Sancho called her a “Genius in Bondage.”</p>

<p>Eighteenth-century opponents of the transatlantic slave trade, as well as nineteenth-century ante-bellum American abolitionists, cited Wheatley&#8217;s poetry as proof of the humanity, equality, and literary talents of people of African descent. But she and her work have not always been so highly valued. Arguments about the significance of Wheatley and her writings, from her own lifetime on, reflect the evolving re-assessment of African-American and African-British culture. Some commentators, black as well as white, questioned the literary quality of her writings, or the political and social significance of her life, in support of their own ideological positions on whether and how people of African descent should produce literature. The most notorious was Thomas Jefferson, who denied that she was a poet. During the period from the late nineteenth century to the 1970s, a number of critics expressed neo-Jeffersonian denunciations of Wheatley’s literary abilities, as well as of her racial loyalty.</p>

<p>Phillis Wheatley’s place in the developing tradition of early transatlantic literature by people of African descent, and her role as the mother of African-American literature are now finally secure. The many ways in which she subtly and indirectly confronted the issues of racism, sexism, and slavery have been increasingly appreciated. The prophecy offered by the pseudonymous &#8220;Matilda&#8221; in &#8220;On Reading the Poems of Phillis Wheatley, the African Poetess&#8221; (New York Magazine, October 1796) has been realized:</p>

<blockquote>A PHILLIS rises, and the world no more
    Denies the sacred right to mental pow&#8217;r;<br />
    While, Heav&#8217;n-inspir&#8217;d, she proves her Country&#8217;s claim<br />
    To Freedom, and her own to deathless Fame.</blockquote>

<p><br /></p>

<hr />

<p><i>Vincent Carretta is a professor of English at the University of Maryland. He is the author of <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0820333387/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0820333387">Phillis Wheatley: Biography of a Genius in Bondage</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=0820333387" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 (University of Georgia Press, 2011), and the editor of <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/014042430X/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=014042430X">Phillis Wheatley: Complete Writings (Penguin Classics)</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=014042430X" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 (Penguin Putnam Inc., 2001).</i></p>

<p><br /></p>

<h1>Links to Works</h1>

<p><br /></p>

<ul>
<li><p><em>Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral</em> by Phillis Wheatley (1773)</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/poemsonvarioussu00whea">Internet Archive</a></li>
<li>A searchable digital facsimile from the <a href="http://digital.tcl.sc.edu/cdm/compoundobject/collection/pwp/id/138">Univeristy of Carolina</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Chapter on Captain John Wheatley in <i>Genealogy of the Wheatley or Wheatleigh family. A history of the family in England and America</i> (1902)</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/stream/genealogyofwheat00whea#page/20/mode/2up">Internet Archive</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3451
title: Labors of the Months from the Très Riches Heures
uri: Labors-of-the-Months-from-the-Très-Riches-Heures
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/08/labors-of-the-months-from-the-tres-riches-heures/
content:
<div align="center">

The Très Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (or simply the Très Riches Heures) is probably the most important illuminated manuscript of the 15th century, &#8220;le roi des manuscrits enluminés&#8221; (&#8220;the king of illuminated manuscripts&#8221;). It is a very richly decorated Book of Hours containing over 200 folios, of which about half are full page illustrations. It was painted sometime between 1412 and 1416 by the Limbourg brothers for their patron Jean, Duc de Berry. They left it unfinished at their (and the Duc&#8217;s) death in 1416. Charles I, Duc de Savoie commissioned Jean Colombe to finish the paintings between 1485-1489. Featured here are the Labors of the Months, the section illustrating the various activities undertaken by the Duke&#8217;s court and his peasants according to the month of the year. Most of the illustrations show one of the Duke&#8217;s castles in the background, and each are accompanied by a sun carrying Phoebus beneath an archway depicting the appropriate zodiac signs.  
<br /><br />
(Text and images via <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_Duc_de_Berry">Wikipedia</a>)
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 506px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_Janvier.jpg/496px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_Janvier.jpg" width="496" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">January: The Duke's household exchanges New Year gifts - the Duke at right in a blue robe.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 471px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg/461px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_f%C3%A9vrier.jpg" width="461" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">February: A typical winter's day. Some peasants warm themselves by the fire, another peasant chops wood, and still another goes to market.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 485px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_mars.jpg/475px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_mars.jpg" width="475" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">March: Sowing the field. In the background is the Château de Lusignan, a residence of Jean de Berry.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 489px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_avril.jpg/479px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_avril.jpg" width="479" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">April: A young couple exchanging rings. In the background is the Château de Dourdan.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 495px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_mai.jpg/485px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_mai.jpg" width="485" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">May: Young nobles riding in a procession. In the background is the Hôtel de Neslé, the Duke's Paris residence in Paris.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 486px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_juin.jpg/476px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_juin.jpg" width="476" height="768" /><p class="wp-caption-text">June: Harvest. In the background is the Palais de la Cité with the Sainte Chapelle clearly identifiable on the right.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 482px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_juillet.jpg/472px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_juillet.jpg" width="472" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">July: The shearing of the sheep. In the background is the Palace of Poitiers near Poitiers.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 480px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg/470px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_aout.jpg" width="470" height="768" /><p class="wp-caption-text">August: Falconry, with the Duc's Château d'Étampes in the background.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 473px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_septembre.jpg/463px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_septembre.jpg" width="463" height="768" /><p class="wp-caption-text">September: The harvest of the grapes. In the background is the Château de Saumur.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 471px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_octobre.jpg/461px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_octobre.jpg" width="461" height="768" /><p class="wp-caption-text">October: Tilling the field. In the background is the Louvre.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 464px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_novembre.jpg/454px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_novembre.jpg" width="454" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">November: The autumn harvest of acorns, on which pigs are feeding.</p></div>
<br /><br />
<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 457px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg/447px-Les_Tr%C3%A8s_Riches_Heures_du_duc_de_Berry_d%C3%A9cembre.jpg" width="447" height="768" /><p class="wp-caption-text">December: A wild boar hunt. In the background is the Château de Vincennes.</p></div>
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</td><td class="column-3">Sessions for the Blind at Sunderland Museum<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/09/sessions-for-the-blind-at-sunderland-museum/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6075/6024903179_9793619652_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Eugène von Guérard's Australian Landscapes<br />
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		<td class="column-1">Landscape and Marine Views of Norway<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1513"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6090/6049185090_2740e7c0e7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2470"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6291039497_f95a6df059_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Engravings by Dominicus Custos<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2461"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6043/6301524069_87b3660466_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Kodak No.1 Circular Snapshots<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2648"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6109/6352453941_2f15515a88_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Daddy Long Legs of Brighton<br />
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		<td class="column-1">Harry Clarke's illustrations for Edgar Allan Poe (1919)<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3203"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7141/6726271725_32d8aa6260_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Embalming Jars of Frederik Ruysch (1710)<br />
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</table>
 


</div>
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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3462
title: Edison reading Mary Had a Little Lamb (1927)
uri: Edison-reading-Mary-Had-a-Little-Lamb-(1927)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/09/edison-reading-mary-had-a-little-lamb-1927/
content:
<div align="center">

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Edison2.jpg/600px-Edison2.jpg" alt="" />

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/EDIS-SCD-02" width="640" height="30" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
Recording made by Thomas A. Edison on August 12, 1927, at the Golden Jubilee of the Phonograph ceremony. In this recording Edison demonstrates how in 1877 he made the first record on his tinfoil phonograph. The original 1877 recording was not saved and no longer exists.
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/download/EDIS-SCD-02/EDIS-SCD-02.mp3">MP3 Download</a>
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/EDIS-SCD-02">Internet Archive Link</a>
<br />
<br />
<hr />
<br />

 
<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-4-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-4">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Beela Boola by the Electric City 4 (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/beela-boola-electric-city-4-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5984449950_1837afe78f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Hungarian Rag -  Pietro Deiro (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=880"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6008/5984449948_3ebd04de8b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">As a Porcupine Pines for its Pork - Billy Jones &amp; Ernest Hare<br />
(1925)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/as-a-porcupine-pines-for-its-pork-billy-jones-ernest-hare-1925/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6028/5984449946_52bcbdf103_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Popeye, the Sailor Man - Al Dollar &amp; His Ten Cent Band with Billy Murray (1931)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/popeye-the-sailor-man-al-dollar-his-ten-cent-band-with-billy-murray-1931/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6012/5984449942_e7c19a2fdc_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Chopins Funeral March - The Edison Concert Band (1906)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/chopins-funeral-march-the-edison-concert-band-1906/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6138/5998067338_c167fce69d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Houdini on his Water Torture Cell (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/houdini-on-his-water-torture-cell-1914/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5998067350_7d43c56428_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Lomax Collection Recording of English, Sample 8<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1067"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6020/5998067356_9b9ae1d919_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Enrico Caruso - A Dream (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1074"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/5997518817_b6d0667f34_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">La Paloma (1903)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1240"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6135/6016850955_d7c0df1a2c_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Orson Welles Show (1941)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1225"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/6017404284_da30a310cc_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Tokyo Rose (1944)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1243"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6125/6016850941_a2c4a9bb4f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Fats Waller and His Orchestra live at The Yacht Club (1938)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1247"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6005/6016980547_ddd9858761_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">Very early recording of George Gershwin's  Rhapsody In Blue (1924)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1493"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6206/6046238304_f151e60106_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Rudolph Valentino singing (1923)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/15/rudolph-valentino-1923/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6046238300_1a8bf811d7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Aiaihea - The Hawaiian Quintette (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1614"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6069171663_28964f0117_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Antony's Address Over The Body of Caesar (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1679"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6064/6082150301_30f4211e29_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Charlie and His Orchestra<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1771"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6199/6096637423_9f34721c23_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Excerpt from Handel's Israel in Egypt (1888)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1925"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6081/6143260449_303a539aa3_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Voice of Florence Nightingale (1890)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2916"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7030/6504902049_467a45000b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">General Pershing March - Imperial Marimba Band (1918)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2186"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6215163671_7712110727_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Apollo 11 Onboard Recordings (1969) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2537"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6040/6305906604_03d781a688_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Santa Claus Proves There is a Santa Claus (1925) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3006"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7008/6558653487_103cd350c9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Whitney Brothers Quartet - The Little Red Drum (1908)<br />
 <br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3177"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7147/6725925751_16951fa622_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Edison reading Mary Had a Little Lamb (1927)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3462"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7037/6846172029_75d88c3a83_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Lucy Isabelle Marsh<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3582"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7069/6944378307_5c458a22e7_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3418
title: Almost as good as Presley: Caruso the pop idol
uri: Almost-as-good-as-Presley-Caruso-the-pop-idol
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/13/almost-as-good-as-presley-caruso-the-pop-idol/
content:
<p><strong>When he died in 1921 the singer Enrico Caruso left behind him approximately 290 commercially released recordings, and a significant mark upon on the opera world including more than 800 appearances at the New York Met. John Potter, singer and author of <i>Tenor: History of a Voice</i>, explores Caruso&#8217;s popular appeal and how he straddled the divide between &#8216;pop&#8217; and &#8216;classical&#8217;.</strong></p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7008/6828825759_0aea00329d_o.jpg" width="540" height="714" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Caruso in 1910, photograph by the Laveccha Studio, Chicago (Source: Library of Congress)</p></div>
<br /></p>

<blockquote>‘&#8230;Then someone sat me down last night and I heard Caruso sing / He’s almost as good as Presley…’
<p align="right"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;"><font size="1">Ben Watt (Everything  But The Girl), from ‘The Night I heard Caruso Sing’, Idlewild.</font></span></p> </blockquote>

<p><br />
Every generation seems to reinvent the tenor as something closer to a pop star than an opera star. The Three Tenors were among the late 20th century’s great musical marketing successes, and the brightest star that they acknowledged in the tenor firmament was cinema heart throb Mario Lanza. Lanza himself claimed Enrico Caruso as his greatest influence and famously played him on screen, reminding a wider audience that there was nothing incompatible with classical tenors and genuine popularity, whatever they were singing.</p>

<p>Although many fine divas stamped their mark on early recording, it was the tenor voice of Caruso which was the defining voice of the early twentieth century. His reputation was due to the fact that people could not only hear him in their own homes, but that his success could actually be measured in record sales; he was the first global superstar of the gramophone era. Such celebrity wasn’t new in what we think of as classical music, however, it was not uncommon in the nineteenth century for opera singers (such as Adelina Patti or Giuditta Pasta) to meet with the kind of reception we associate with pop stars. The fact is, there was no equivalent of today’s mass popular music – and nothing like today’s classical (in the sense of unpopular) either. Popular entertainment took a huge variety of forms from conjuring to celebrity whistling but singing was in the end just singing, and the best singers were opera singers largely because they had the best tunes. They all shared a basic level of vocality: even a vaudeville personality had to have voice enough to carry right to the back of a theatre: crooning and the intimate nuances enabled by the microphone were still in the future when Caruso died in 1921.</p>

<p><div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7009/6828826633_b272d9d4ba_o.jpg" width="540" height="585" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Caruso with a flower in 1913 (Source: Library of Congress)</p></div>

<div id="attachment_3429" class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 550px"><a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/02/Caruso_bythepiano.jpg"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/02/Caruso_bythepiano.jpg" alt="" title="Caruso_bythepiano" width="540" height="644" class="size-full wp-image-3429" /></a><p class="wp-caption-text">Caruso listening to his own voice on a Victor phonograph machine in 1913 (Source: Library of Congress)</p></div>

<p>Three years earlier he was at the height of his fame. His many triumphs in 1918 included a Carnegie Hall debut (at one of several hugely successful find raising galas) and recording the patriotic song ‘Over There’ which would become the best selling recording by an opera singer for generations to come, putting him alongside Al Jolson as one of the century’s most successful recording artists to date. ‘Over There’ was certainly not an opera aria, and although Caruso was practically resident at the Metropolitan Opera for seventeen years his best selling records were actually lighter music such as Neapolitan songs and ‘Italian airs’. It was his voice that his public wanted, and they’d buy into whatever he chose to record.</p>

<p>That same year Al Jolson did a recital of his own songs with the 50 strong Boston Symphony Orchestra, having a month or two earlier followed Caruso on stage at a marathon concert in New York sponsored by the Army Tank Corps Welfare League in aid of returning soldiers. It was the first time Jolson uttered his famous catch phrase ‘You ain’t heard nothin’ yet’, a response to Caruso’s rousing performance of Italian war songs culminating in a rendering of ‘Over There’ which had brought the house down. The two singers, both European émigrés who had conquered America, were then probably the most successful singers on earth. Although Jolson the entertainer and Caruso the opera singer inhabited different musical worlds, there were clearly circumstances where their respective arts could appeal to similar audiences and even happen at the same venue.  Both singers’ biographers tend to be rather reticent on the connections between these two great stars, but we know that they appreciated each other’s place in the scheme of things, and even each other’s singing. After their performances for the Tank Corps, Caruso invited Jolson back to his hotel room, and is said to have suggested they sing together at the Met. He may have been joking of course, and Jolson knew he wasn’t himself an opera singer, but the fact that he could make himself heard over a 50 piece orchestra shows that Jolson would have had no problem with the vast acoustic space of the world’s most famous opera theatre. Jolson and Caruso duetting on the opera stage is not as improbable as it might seem (had they been able to agree on what to sing): two months later the erstwhile vaudeville artiste Rosa Ponselle made her Met debut opposite Caruso himself in Verdi’s <i>La Forza del Destino</i>.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7010/6828827213_be2ec69e37_o.jpg" width="540" height="419" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Drawing by Caruso depicting the rehearsals for the world premiere of <i>La fanciulla del West</i> at the Met in 1910 (Source: Metropolitan Opera Archives)</p></div>

<p>Vaudeville singers at the Met? Caruso able to duet with someone who called himself a jazz singer? How could such things possibly happen? Before amplification divided singers into those who were proper singers and those who might not be, all singers had to make themselves heard at the back of the hall, whether they were opera singers, vaudeville entertainers or blues shouters. That’s why so many ‘popular’ singers recording at the beginning of the 20th century sound so stilted and stylised – to project their voices a long way they had to sing with their larynxes lower than in normal speech. That maximised their acoustic efficiency and as a by-product gave them the richer sound that we now associate with classical singers. If they were singing in English it also generated the deeper vowels associated with Received Pronunciation (the non-regional accent sometimes called BBC English). Caruso and Jolson, faced with having to fill a vaudeville theatre or an opera house with sound, inevitably adopted a similar technique: there was no other way to sing in large theatres or halls, so they had much more in common vocally than, say, Placido Domingo and Sting.
<br />
<br /></p>

<div align="center">
<div class='flickr-mini-gallery ' lang=_s& rel="photoset_id=72157629199041671&extras=" longdesc='photoset'></div>
</div>

<p><font size="1">(Caruso singing vowels from <i>Caruso&#8217;s method of voice production</i>, by P. Mario Mariafioti, 1922 &#8211; click to enlarge)</font>
<br /><br /></p>

<p>Many people would have bought both singers’ records and may not have been very conscious of the different genres that they were later seen to represent. The idea of music being categorised as ‘popular’ or ‘classical’ would have meant very little to the man on the famous Clapham omnibus. Caruso didn’t see a big difference between a Puccini aria and a Neapolitan folk song – they were both ‘popular’ and likely to appear beside each other in recital programmes. Verdi and Puccini knew, as composers for generations before them had known, that the secret of a successful opera was to hit the punters with a stand-alone stonking good tune every now and again, a format which supported a huge sheet music industry and the burgeoning record business. For every person who heard an opera at the Met or Covent Garden, there was a potentially infinite number of record buyers or people who would sing the arias round the piano at home, alongside the ‘popular’ songs of entertainers such as Al Jolson. Jolson was aware that opera was of sufficiently high status to make it worth satirising, as in his hilarious (at the time) Pagliacci sketch. He knows exactly how opera singing works (he was the son of a cantor, who hoped for greater things from his absurdly ambitious offspring) but he surely understood that he could really only play one role: that of Al Jolson. Caruso was a huge success in many (carefully chosen) roles but his more serious repertoire didn’t give him many opportunities to shine simply as an entertainer.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7156/6828826985_b3d6928d21_o.jpg" width="540" height="629" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Al Jolson as featured on the cover of the sheet music to <i>When Grown Up Ladies Act Like Babies</i>, published by Maurice Abrahams Music Corp., New York, 1913</p></div>

<p>But that didn’t stop him equalling Jolson in popularity. It wasn’t just patriotic songs and Italian lollipops: the big tunes that came out of the realistic plots and less cluttered singing of verismo opera were enormously successful too. In the first quarter of the 20th century (roughly between the first recordings and the first radio broadcasts) the worlds of what we now think of as the classical and popular were still tantalisingly close, with the difference between singers of the calibre of Caruso and Jolson often just one of repertoire and a certain sort of public engagement.  As the century progressed they would become increasingly polarised: composers, divorced from private patronage but often indirectly supported by the state, could indulge in the luxury of writing music that very few people wanted to hear, while the microphone rendered over-blown natural vocal projection unnecessary for those excited by the possibilities of a more subtle vocal delivery.  Opera singers retained their stylised vocality with its inevitable loudness, growing in status but contracting in reach with each generation. The mass audience that had been there for Rossini and Verdi preferred the immediate emotional hit provided by crooners, a direct mouth-to-ear experience which they could enjoy with friends at home rather than brave the stratified world of the opera house; ‘classical’ came to mean the opposite of ‘popular’.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7026/6828845449_93a1d5f907_o.jpg" width="540" height="443" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Caruso examining a bust sculpture of himself in 1914 (Source: Library of Congress</p></div>

<p>Caruso would know nothing of this: he would continue to sing from beyond the grave, but increasingly on the wrong side of the growing divisions between the two genres. The 21st century is beginning to see (and hear) things differently, though, and many of us now take a broader view of Caruso’s art and achievement. ‘Over There’ has even been plundered for a TV commercial (which I’m sure Caruso would have enjoyed), but Ben Watt comparing the great tenor with Elvis Presley is a sign of more enlightened times. The digital age gives us unfettered access to the whole of music, unfiltered by snobbery and tradition, and perhaps Caruso can be released from the stale old classical ghetto: in his time he was indeed as good as Elvis.</p>

<p><br /></p>

<hr />

<p><i><a href="http://www.john-potter.co.uk/index.php">John Potter</a> is the author of <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0300118732/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0300118732">Tenor: History of a Voice</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=0300118732" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 (Yale University Press 2009 &amp; 2010). His latest book, <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0521817056/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0521817056">A History of Singing</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=0521817056" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />, jointly written with ethnomusicologist Neil Sorrell, is published this month by Cambridge
University Press. A former member of the Hilliard Ensemble, he records for ECM (the Dowland Project) and Hyperion (Red Byrd and the Conductus Project), with new releases on both labels later this year.</i></p>

<p><br /></p>

<h1>Links to Works</h1>

<p><br />
<font size="1">Please note these Caruso recordings are in the public domain in the European Union, but may not be in other jurisdictions (e.g. the US). Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font><br />
<br />
Caruso Collected Works Part 1 (scroll down within the playlist to access all 100 tracks, visit <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/Caruso_part1">Internet Archive</a> for downloading options)
<br /></p>

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/Caruso_part1?playlist=1" width="540" height="300" frameborder="0"></iframe>

<p><br />
Caruso Collected Works Part 2 (scroll down within the playlist to access all 28 tracks, visit <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/Caruso_part2">Internet Archive</a> for downloading options)
<br /></p>

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/Caruso_part2?playlist=1" width="540" height="300" frameborder="0"></iframe>

<p><br /></p>

<ul>
<li><em>Caruso&#8217;s method of voice production: the scientific culture of the voice</em>, by P. Mario Mariafioti (1922)

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/details/carusosmethodofv00marauoft">Internet Archive</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3505
title: Dog Factory (1904)
uri: Dog-Factory-(1904)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/15/dog-factory-1904/
content:
<div align="center">

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa&#038;playlist=1" width="640" height="510" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
A rather dark and bizarre Edison short. Two men are operating a &#8216;dog factory&#8217;, using a device that they call a Dog Transformator. A man brings three dogs into their shop, which they purchase from him. They place the dogs one by one into the machine, which turns each dog into a string of sausages. As their customers come in, they are then able to select the kind of dog that they want, and the machine changes the corresponding string of sausages back into a dog.
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa">Download from Internet Archive</a>
<br />
<br />
<hr />
<br />

 
<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia700307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_000073.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1827"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/22/items/Never_Weaken_1921/Never_Weaken_1921.thumbs/Never_Weaken_1921_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Intolerance (1916) 2hr57min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1820"><br />
<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1816"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/14/items/Quicksand_clear/Quicksand_clear.thumbs/Quicksand_001860.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1954"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6200/6158664220_2d772d57d5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Betty Boop: Minnie The Moocher (1932) 7min46sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1965"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/2/items/bb_minnie_the_moocher/bb_minnie_the_moocher.thumbs/bb_minnie_the_moocher_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Phantom of the Opera (1925) 1hr46min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1943"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/23/items/ThePhantomoftheOpera/ThePhantomoftheOpera.thumbs/Phantom_of_the_Opera_001320.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Suddenly (1954) 1hr16mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1279"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/10/items/suddenly/suddenly.thumbs/suddenly_004320.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-10">
		<td class="column-1">Buffalo Dance (1894) 14sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2135"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/10/items/SF126/SF126.thumbs/SF126_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">American Day in Tripoli, Libya (1962) 14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2394"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/21/items/gov.archives.arc.37715/gov.archives.arc.37715.thumbs/gov.archives.arc.37715_000810.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Thief of Bagdad (1924) 2hr20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2148"><img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/25/items/ThiefOfBagdad1924/ThiefOfBagdad1924.thumbs/ThiefofBagdad1924_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Five Minutes to Live (1961) 1hr14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1683"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/7/items/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi.thumbs/Five_Minutes_to_Live_002880.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2280"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/0/items/vd_is_for_everybody/vd_is_for_everybody.thumbs/vd_is_for_everybody_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Your Name Here (1960) 10min10sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2561"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/11/items/YourName1960/YourName1960.thumbs/YourName1960_000120.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2659"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/12/items/thecabinetofdrcaligari/thecabinetofdrcaligari.thumbs/KabinettDesDoktorCaligariDas_000960.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Cyrano De Bergerac (1950) 1hr53min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2402"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/27/items/Cyrano_DeBergerac/Cyrano_DeBergerac.thumbs/Cyrano_De_Bergerac_002100.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-12">
		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2778"><img src="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/18/items/TheEnchantedDrawing1900/TheEnchantedDrawing1900.thumbs/the-enchanted-drawing_000054.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Night Before Christmas (1905) 8min44sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/31/items/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie.thumbs/TheNightBeforeChristmas_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Stella Maris (1918) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2790"><img src="http://ia600706.us.archive.org/21/items/StellaMaris_665/StellaMaris_665.thumbs/StellaMarismarshallNeilan1918MaryPickford_002574.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936) 1hr40min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2786"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/14/items/little_lord_fauntleroy/little_lord_fauntleroy.thumbs/little_lord_fauntleroy_001320.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
		<td class="column-1">Time-Lapse Demolition of the Star Theatre, New York (1901) 1min49sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3363"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/3/items/star_theatre_1901/star_theatre_1901.thumbs/star_theatre_1901_000045.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Dream of Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland, California (1924) 7min23sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3358"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/17/items/TribuneA1924/TribuneA1924.thumbs/TribuneA1924_000030.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lost World (1925) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/6/items/lost_world/lost_world.thumbs/lost_world_002100.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Gulliver's Travels (1939) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/24/items/GulliversTravels720p/GulliversTravels720p.thumbs/GulliversTravels1939_004380.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-14">
		<td class="column-1">Dog Factory (1904) 4min37sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3505"><img src="http://ia700403.us.archive.org/9/items/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa.thumbs/Dog_factory_Part_1_1904_000027.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4">The Battle of San Pietro (1945) 43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3635"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/8/items/battle_of_san_pietro/battle_of_san_pietro.thumbs/battle_of_san_pietro_000540.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-15">
		<td class="column-1">Out of the Inkwell: The Tantalizing Fly (1919) 3min38sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3641"><img src="http://ia600408.us.archive.org/27/items/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919.thumbs/Tantalizing_Fly_1919_000060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3499
title: Lost Libraries
uri: Lost-Libraries
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/20/lost-libraries/
content:
<p><strong>In the latter half of the 17th century the English polymath Thomas Browne wrote <em>Musaeum Clausum</em>, an imagined inventory of &#8216;remarkable books, antiquities, pictures and rarities of several kinds, scarce or never seen by any man now living&#8217;. Claire Preston explores Browne&#8217;s extraordinary catalogue amid the wider context of a Renaissance preoccupation with lost intellectual treasures.</strong></p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7199/6880743381_f2f28037a2_b.jpg" width="540" height="663" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Thomas Browne as depicted in the frontispiece to his posthously published <em>Certain Miscellany Tracts</em> (1684)</p></div>

<p>In an age of data retrieval, when just about anything ever printed can be seen online and is eternally preserved there, and when modern anxiety is fuelled by too much information, we would do well to remember that the loss of books and artefacts was catastrophic until very recently in human history. The great library of the Ptolemies at Alexandria was burnt by the Romans in the first century AD, a legendary collection of ancient wisdom whose loss haunted Renaissance scholarship. European savants of the 15th and 16th centuries were, in the midst of their astonishing revival of classical writing, all too aware of what was irrecoverable and even unknown to them.</p>

<p>Sir Thomas Browne (1605-1682) was such a scholar. His vast expertise in areas as diverse as embryology, anatomy, ornithology, ancient history and literature, etymology, local archaeology, and pharmacy, and his participation in the Baconian programme to rescue learning from the misapprehensions and erasures that had accumulated since the fall of man, made him especially sensitive to such losses. <em>Musaeum Clausum</em>, a small tract both playful and melancholy, seems to coalesce early-modern feelings about the unavailability of precious intellectual treasure.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7070/6880771745_63b7c718ed_z.jpg" width="540" height="415" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Engraving from the <em>Dell'Historia Naturale</em> (1599) showing Naples apothecary Ferrante Imperato's cabinet of curiosities, the first pictorial representation of such a collection.</p></div>

<p><em>Musaeum Clausum</em> (the hidden library) is a fake catalogue of a collection that contained books, pictures, and artefacts. Such collections (and their elaborate indices) were a common phenomenon from about 1500 to 1700 and after. Gentlemen and the nobility collected as a matter of polite engagement with knowledge and as a way of displaying wealth and learning; savants made arrays of plants, animals, and minerals as museums or ‘thesauruses’ of the natural world to record and organise their findings; imperial and monarchical collections were princely in their glamour, rarity, and sheer expenditure: these might contain natural-historical specimens but also trinkets and souvenirs from far-flung places, curiosities of nature and art, and historically significant items. For example, taxidermically preserved basilisks shared room with a thorn from Christ’s crown and feathered headdresses and weapons belonging to native American tribes. Browne takes these traditions of assemblage and makes a catalogue of marvellous things that have disappeared.</p>

<p>The catalogue of Browne’s lost museum speaks of fragmentation, scattering, and loss, but also of eccentricity and comedy. Among its documents are letters and works by Aristotle, Ovid, and Cicero, and an account of Hannibal’s expedition through Alps ‘far more particular than that of Livy’ that purports to tell what sort of vinegar he used to split the stones in his way.  Perhaps the most significant item among these is Seneca’s epistles to St Paul, a correspondence which, if it existed, would answer the yearning of Christian Stoics. The pictures in this collection either display tremendous technical skill or depict remarkable events. One picture is a ‘large submarine piece’ showing the bottom of the Mediterranean and the seagrass growing there; another describes a moonlight battle between the Florentines and the Turks; others are snow or ice ‘pieces’ that show a remarkable and alien landscape populated by exotic arctic animals; still others show the great fire of Constantinople, the siege of Vienna, the sack of Fundi, and the Treaty of Cologne, as well as portraits, caricatures, and even the dogs of Sultan Achmet. The curiosities are probably the most peculiar and random group in the collection, everything from an ostrich’s egg engraved with a scene from the battle of Alcazar, to a moist stone that cures fevers, to a ring found in the belly of a fish (reputed to be the ring of the Doge of Venice with which he annually weds the sea), the mummified body of one Father Crispin of Toulouse, and ‘Batrachomyomachia, or the Homerican battle between frogs and mice, neatly described upon the chizel bone of a large pike’s jaw’.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7062/6880742535_c81957c095_z.jpg" width="540" height="415" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Cabinet of Curiosities (ca.1695) by Domenico Remps, held in the Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Florence</p></div>

<p>Browne’s is one of many examples of this form, the fake catalogue. Donne wrote one; Rabelais included one in Gargantua and Pantagruel. More typically such works were outright spoofs of learned curiosity, send-ups of random assemblages that John Evelyn judged to be no more than ‘indigested chaos’. But Browne, although he recognises the absurdity of some of his own items and is obviously trying for comic effect with certain ones, is probably more interested in a philosophy of antiquities, of the past and of existing knowledge as resurrected and preserved from the ravages of time and forgetfulness.  Browne’s aim, like that of the early-modern Baconians, was reparation and restoration of truth, and <em>Musaeum Clausum</em> reads like a wistful evocation of what might have existed in a legendary collection like the Bibliotheca Alexandrina. Perhaps the most powerful rendition of that wistfulness is not in specific works or memorials of the great, but rather in the pitiful remains of Father Crispin, ‘buried long ago in the vaults of the Cordeliers at Toulouse, where the skins of the dead so dry and parch up without corruption that their persons may be known very long after, with this inscription, <em>Ecce iterum Crispinus</em> [behold Crispin again]’. The otherwise anonymous Father Crispin, an unremarkable monk whose name is his only chronicle, is immortalised by the strange atmosphere of the vault rather than for any accomplishment or quality; his survival as a physiognomy that can be ‘known very long after’ is merely a scientific phenomenon, not an intended memorial to an individual. The imperious inscription pathetically asks us with its commanding injunction to behold anew that which was never remarkable or memorable in the first place. Browne’s favourite theme, here and elsewhere, is the randomness of recollection, and Father Crispin, a random survival of the past, is preserved only to be lost again with the collection that contains him.</p>

<p>Twenty years earlier Browne had written the astonishing <em>Urne-Buriall</em>, a discussion of mortuary customs. There he asked why it should be that we have record of the epitaph of Hadrian’s horse but not of Hadrian himself, or whether the best men are even remembered ‘or whether there be not more remarkable persons forgot than any that stand remembered in the known account of time?’ That abiding sense of so much forgotten, so little still recalled, animated Browne and other early-modern savants who were conducting a salvage operation for intellectual recovery.</p>

<p><br /></p>

<hr />

<p><em>Claire Preston is Professor of Early-Modern Literature at the University of Birmingham. Her books include <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/186189256X/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=186189256X">Bee</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=186189256X" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 (Reaktion,2006), <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0521107792/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0521107792">Thomas Browne and the Writing of Early Modern Science</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=0521107792" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 (Cambridge, 2005), and <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0333746228/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0333746228">Edith Wharton&#8217;s Social Register</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=0333746228" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 (Macmillan/St Martin&#8217;s, 2000). She recently co-edited, with Reid Barbour, <a href="http://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/0199236216/ref=as_li_ss_tl?ie=UTF8&#038;tag=thepubdomrev-21&#038;linkCode=as2&#038;camp=1634&#038;creative=19450&#038;creativeASIN=0199236216">Sir Thomas Browne: The World Proposed</a><img src="http://www.assoc-amazon.co.uk/e/ir?t=thepubdomrev-21&#038;l=as2&#038;o=2&#038;a=0199236216" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" style="border:none !important; margin:0px !important;" />
 (Oxford 2008), and is the general editor of the <a href="http://www.york.ac.uk/english/news-events/browne/oup-complete-works/">Complete Works of Sir Thomas Browne</a> (8 vols), forthcoming from OUP. She has written extensively on early-modern topics, including Sidney, Spenser, Shakespeare, Jonson, Dugdale, and Boyle, and on the literature of the American Gilded Age. She is completing a book on seventeenth-century literature and scientific investigation. She has been a recipient of a British Academy Research award, a Guggenheim Fellowship, and the Rose Mary Crawshay Prize (British Academy).</em></p>

<p><br /></p>

<h1>Links to works</h1>

<p><br /></p>

<ul>
<li><p><em>Museaum Clausum</em> by Thomas Browne
Published 1684</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.archive.org/stream/certainmiscellan00browrich#page/192/mode/2up">online scan of 1684 edition</a></li>
<li><a href="http://penelope.uchicago.edu/misctracts/museum.html">html version with notes by James Eason</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Chapter 2 Part VII of Rabelais&#8217; <em>Gargantua and Pantagruel</em> detaling the Library of St Victor</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/1200/1200-h/p2.htm#2HCH0007">html</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>1711 Sales Auction Catalogue of Sir Thomas Browne and his son Edward&#8217;s Libraries</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_of_Sir_Thomas_Browne">wikipedia</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
 <p><a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?flattrss_redirect&amp;id=3499&amp;md5=d93713c63fc46c1e030dc1b79a181016" title="Flattr" target="_blank"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/wp-content/plugins/flattr/img/flattr-badge-large.png" alt="flattr this!"/></a></p>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3554
title: Hand book of the carnival, containing Mardi-Gras, its ancient and modern observance (1874)
uri: Hand-book-of-the-carnival-containing-Mardi-Gras-its-ancient-and-mode
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/21/hand-book-of-the-carnival/
content:
<div align="center">
<iframe src='http://www.archive.org/stream/handbookofcarniv00madd?ui=embed#mode/2up' width='818px' height='732px' frameborder='0' ></iframe>

<br />
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Hand book of the carnival, containing Mardi-Gras, its ancient and modern observance, by J. W. Madden; 1874; New Orleans.</span>

<br />
<br />
Fascinating little book offering a brilliantly detailed insight into the 19th century New Orleans Mardi-Gras tradition, including a history of the Mistick Krewe of Comus, The Twelfth Night Revellers, and The Knights of Momus. 
<br /><br />
From <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comus">Wikipedia</a>: In Greek mythology, Comus or Komos (Ancient Greek: Κῶμος) is the god of festivity, revels and nocturnal dalliances. He is a son and a cup-bearer of the god Bacchus. Comus represents anarchy and chaos. His mythology occurs in the later times of antiquity. During his festivals in Ancient Greece, men and women exchanged clothes. He was depicted as a young man on the point of unconsciousness from drink. He had a wreath of flowers on his head and carried a torch that was in the process of being dropped.

<br />
<br />

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 450px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Comus_1869_Female_Eye.jpg/440px-Comus_1869_Female_Eye.jpg" width="440" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;Female Eye&quot;, costume design, Krewe of Comus, New Orleans Mardi Gras, 1869</p></div>

<br />

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 710px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/1916ComusArtFloat.jpg" width="700" height="532" /><p class="wp-caption-text">New Orleans Mardi Gras, 1916. Depiction of Comus parade float with art theme.</p></div>

<br />

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 710px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Comus1907king.jpg" width="700" height="489" /><p class="wp-caption-text">New Orleans Mardi Gras 1907. Illustration of King&#039;s float of Comus parade.</p></div>  
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://openlibrary.org/books/OL22881571M/Hand_book_of_the_carnival_containing_Mardi-Gras_its_ancient_and_modern_observance">Open Library link</a>
<br />
<br />
<hr />
<br />


<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-2-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-2">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Letters From a Cat (1879)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/letters-from-a-cat/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6029/5926255857_dd107bbcd5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Castaway on the Auckland Isles: A Narrative of the Wreck of the "Grafton," (1865)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/castaway-on-the-auckland-isles-a-narrative-of-the-wreck-of-the-grafton-1865"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6014/5963292991_2926d4d77d_o.jpg"><br />
</a></td><td class="column-3">Infant's Cabinet of Birds and Beasts (1820)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/infants-cabine…-beasts-1820-2/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6137/5963292985_e427baf1da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Old French Fairytales (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/old-french-fairytales-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/5963292975_0047a86d70_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Armata: a fragment (1817)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/armata-a-fragment-1817/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6018/5977796996_e0a0fc40cd_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism (1803)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/an-account-of-the-late-improvements-in-galvanism-1803/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/5977796994_62597592db_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Medical Aspects of Death, and the Medical Aspects of the Human Mind (1852)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-medical-aspects-of-death-and-the-medical-aspects-of-the-human-mind-1852"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6122/5977796990_d34ea609b4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quarles' Emblems (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/quarles-emblems-1886/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6129/5977796992_cda35bfc9d_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Cat and bird stories from the "Spectator" (1896)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1198"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/6011153785_75aab450ee_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Wonderful Balloon Ascents (1870)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1200"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/6011153783_3c0847e432_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Book of Topiary (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1202"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6145/6011153777_a727143f9d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Adventures of Louis de Rougemont (1899)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1204"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6013/6011153791_7fcdcb3356_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">English as She is Spoke (1884)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1431"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6083/6046055812_6639c33965_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Danger of Premature Interment (1816)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1503"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6062/6046366952_ba41be4694_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Last American (1889)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-last-american/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6066/6059266721_1e7b1015c2_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Pirates (1922)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1754"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6096675914_450e941c10_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Napoleon's Oraculum (1839)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1834"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6185/6115393587_cbe52c98ab_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Horse Laughs (1891)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1918"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6143175901_cfaa8bb5f7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hydriotaphia/Urn-Burial and The Garden of Cyrus (1658)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1999"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6162/6169326032_8dbf4d10aa_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Across the Zodiac: the Story of a Wrecked Record (1880)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2129"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6123/6197358087_8ed89391e6_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Superstitions About Animals (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2267"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6110/6241413122_a6151abdef_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Diary of a Nobody (1919 edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2457"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6092/6288121551_c2119002b0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Attitudes of Animals in Motion, Illustrated with the Zoopraxiscope (1882)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2546"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6311375447_2483ece911_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Eccentric Mirror: Reflecting a Faithful and Interesting Delineation of Male and Female Characters, Ancient and Modern (1807)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2615"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6054/6337715127_c693cf04d1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Uriah Jewett and the Sea Serpent of Lake Memphemagog (1917)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2781"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7159/6437807421_91e8d84ec9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Yuletide Entertainments (1910)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3001"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7015/6553725471_8021326d90_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Mythical Monsters (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3062"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7171/6694452449_5daa298a53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Madame Tussaud's Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Curiosities (1901)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3292"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/napoleonrelics-thumb.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">James Joyce's Chamber Music (1918 American Edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3389"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7163/6811397461_71ee32a833_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Original acrostics on all the U.S. states and presidents, and various other subjects (1861)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3526"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7190/6916906333_d1a37243e8_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hand book of the carnival, containing Mardi-Gras, its ancient and modern observance (1874)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3554"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7189/6917091413_933b59ceff_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Selection of Type is just as important as the selection of words (1939?)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3571"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7037/6935070405_cff3c542c4_m.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Natural History of Shakespeare; Being Selections of Flowers, Fruits, and Animals (1877)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3663"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7182/6978973649_b861bf8557_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 

</div>
 <p><a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?flattrss_redirect&amp;id=3554&amp;md5=310d1f0f14ba7f3562b5203c6d021f91" title="Flattr" target="_blank"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/wp-content/plugins/flattr/img/flattr-badge-large.png" alt="flattr this!"/></a></p>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3526
uri: Original-acrostics-on-all-the-states-and-presidents-of-the-United-Stat
title:
Original acrostics on all the states and presidents of the United States, and various other subjects (1861)

url:
http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/21/original-acrostics-on-all-the-states-and-presidents-of-the-united-states-and-various-other-subjects-1861/

content:
<div align="center">
<iframe src='http://www.archive.org/stream/originalacrostic6005blac?ui=embed#page/14/mode/2up' width='818px' height='732px' frameborder='0' ></iframe>

<br />
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Original acrostics on all the states and presidents of the United States, and various other subjects, religious, political, and personal ; illustrated with portraits of all the presidents, and engravings of various other kinds 
by Robert Blackwell; 1861; Nashville, Tennessee.</span>

<br />
<br />
As well as acrostics for all the states and presidents, Robert Blackwell provides ones for a host of other topics including the Moon, Whisky and the Ladies of Nashville. And just in case you thought it is was easy work, a little note from the author&#8230;
<br />
<br />
<blockquote><pre>
<div style="font-family:georgia;font-size:12px;">
[Gentlemen.]

GRANT me one favor, I ask no more, 
Examine all my writings o'er; 
Not forgetting all the time 
Tis hard to make a name to rhyme. 
Let those who think they can compose 
Excellent verse as well as prose, 
Make one effort to be wise, 
Ere they scoff and criticise 
Numerous works they would revise.

</div>
</pre></blockquote>

<br />
<br />
<a href="http://openlibrary.org/books/OL24734215M/Original_acrostics_on_all_the_states_and_presidents_of_the_United_States_and_various_other_subjects_religious_political_and_personal_illustrated_with_portraits_of_all_the_presidents_and_engravings_of_various_other_kinds">Open Library link</a>
<br />
<br />
<hr />
<br />


<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-2-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-2">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Letters From a Cat (1879)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/letters-from-a-cat/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6029/5926255857_dd107bbcd5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Castaway on the Auckland Isles: A Narrative of the Wreck of the "Grafton," (1865)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/castaway-on-the-auckland-isles-a-narrative-of-the-wreck-of-the-grafton-1865"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6014/5963292991_2926d4d77d_o.jpg"><br />
</a></td><td class="column-3">Infant's Cabinet of Birds and Beasts (1820)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/infants-cabine…-beasts-1820-2/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6137/5963292985_e427baf1da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Old French Fairytales (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/old-french-fairytales-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/5963292975_0047a86d70_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Armata: a fragment (1817)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/armata-a-fragment-1817/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6018/5977796996_e0a0fc40cd_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism (1803)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/an-account-of-the-late-improvements-in-galvanism-1803/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/5977796994_62597592db_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Medical Aspects of Death, and the Medical Aspects of the Human Mind (1852)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-medical-aspects-of-death-and-the-medical-aspects-of-the-human-mind-1852"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6122/5977796990_d34ea609b4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quarles' Emblems (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/quarles-emblems-1886/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6129/5977796992_cda35bfc9d_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Cat and bird stories from the "Spectator" (1896)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1198"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/6011153785_75aab450ee_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Wonderful Balloon Ascents (1870)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1200"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/6011153783_3c0847e432_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Book of Topiary (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1202"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6145/6011153777_a727143f9d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Adventures of Louis de Rougemont (1899)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1204"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6013/6011153791_7fcdcb3356_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">English as She is Spoke (1884)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1431"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6083/6046055812_6639c33965_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Danger of Premature Interment (1816)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1503"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6062/6046366952_ba41be4694_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Last American (1889)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-last-american/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6066/6059266721_1e7b1015c2_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Pirates (1922)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1754"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6096675914_450e941c10_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Napoleon's Oraculum (1839)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1834"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6185/6115393587_cbe52c98ab_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Horse Laughs (1891)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1918"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6143175901_cfaa8bb5f7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hydriotaphia/Urn-Burial and The Garden of Cyrus (1658)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1999"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6162/6169326032_8dbf4d10aa_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Across the Zodiac: the Story of a Wrecked Record (1880)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2129"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6123/6197358087_8ed89391e6_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Superstitions About Animals (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2267"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6110/6241413122_a6151abdef_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Diary of a Nobody (1919 edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2457"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6092/6288121551_c2119002b0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Attitudes of Animals in Motion, Illustrated with the Zoopraxiscope (1882)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2546"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6311375447_2483ece911_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Eccentric Mirror: Reflecting a Faithful and Interesting Delineation of Male and Female Characters, Ancient and Modern (1807)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2615"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6054/6337715127_c693cf04d1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Uriah Jewett and the Sea Serpent of Lake Memphemagog (1917)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2781"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7159/6437807421_91e8d84ec9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Yuletide Entertainments (1910)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3001"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7015/6553725471_8021326d90_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Mythical Monsters (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3062"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7171/6694452449_5daa298a53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Madame Tussaud's Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Curiosities (1901)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3292"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/napoleonrelics-thumb.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">James Joyce's Chamber Music (1918 American Edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3389"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7163/6811397461_71ee32a833_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Original acrostics on all the U.S. states and presidents, and various other subjects (1861)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3526"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7190/6916906333_d1a37243e8_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hand book of the carnival, containing Mardi-Gras, its ancient and modern observance (1874)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3554"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7189/6917091413_933b59ceff_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Selection of Type is just as important as the selection of words (1939?)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3571"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7037/6935070405_cff3c542c4_m.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Natural History of Shakespeare; Being Selections of Flowers, Fruits, and Animals (1877)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3663"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7182/6978973649_b861bf8557_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 

</div>
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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3571
title: The selection of Type is just as important as the selection of words (1939?)
uri: The-selection-of-Type-is-just-as-important-as-the-selection-of-words-(
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/02/27/selection-of-type-1900/
content:
<div align="center">
<iframe src='http://www.archive.org/stream/alphabeticalinde00daviuoft?ui=embed#page/n5/mode/2up' width='818px' height='732px' frameborder='0' ></iframe>

<br />
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Alphabetical Index to Type Faces, by G.A. Davis Printing Company; 1939?; Toronto.</span>

<br />
<br />
An &#8220;Alphabetical Index to Type Faces&#8221; from the G.A. Davis Printing Company. What it says on the tin, but also generator of bizarre &#8216;accidental&#8217; sentences such as &#8220;Summer-time with outdoor pleasures become flowers with nature&#8221;, &#8220;Domestic animals are nuisance when a hurry to men&#8221;, &#8220;Strong type faces used cold north winds&#8221; and the occasional poem: &#8220;History repeats itself as the years pass / Internal injuries are weakening / Injurious statements make yonder river flows fast&#8221;. 
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<br />
<em>NB: The publishing date of 1900 given in the Open Library link appears to be incorrect, with some of the typefaces not being invented until the mid-30s. There is no indication of publishing date on the scanned copy itself, though there is a Library of Toronto stamp dated October 1939.</em>
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://openlibrary.org/books/OL7049413M/Alphabetical_index_to_type_faces.">Open Library link</a>
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<hr />
<br />


<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-2-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-2">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Letters From a Cat (1879)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/letters-from-a-cat/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6029/5926255857_dd107bbcd5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Castaway on the Auckland Isles: A Narrative of the Wreck of the "Grafton," (1865)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/castaway-on-the-auckland-isles-a-narrative-of-the-wreck-of-the-grafton-1865"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6014/5963292991_2926d4d77d_o.jpg"><br />
</a></td><td class="column-3">Infant's Cabinet of Birds and Beasts (1820)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/infants-cabine…-beasts-1820-2/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6137/5963292985_e427baf1da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Old French Fairytales (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/old-french-fairytales-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/5963292975_0047a86d70_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Armata: a fragment (1817)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/armata-a-fragment-1817/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6018/5977796996_e0a0fc40cd_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism (1803)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/an-account-of-the-late-improvements-in-galvanism-1803/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/5977796994_62597592db_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Medical Aspects of Death, and the Medical Aspects of the Human Mind (1852)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-medical-aspects-of-death-and-the-medical-aspects-of-the-human-mind-1852"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6122/5977796990_d34ea609b4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quarles' Emblems (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/quarles-emblems-1886/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6129/5977796992_cda35bfc9d_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Cat and bird stories from the "Spectator" (1896)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1198"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/6011153785_75aab450ee_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Wonderful Balloon Ascents (1870)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1200"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/6011153783_3c0847e432_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Book of Topiary (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1202"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6145/6011153777_a727143f9d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Adventures of Louis de Rougemont (1899)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1204"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6013/6011153791_7fcdcb3356_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">English as She is Spoke (1884)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1431"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6083/6046055812_6639c33965_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Danger of Premature Interment (1816)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1503"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6062/6046366952_ba41be4694_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Last American (1889)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-last-american/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6066/6059266721_1e7b1015c2_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Pirates (1922)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1754"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6096675914_450e941c10_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Napoleon's Oraculum (1839)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1834"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6185/6115393587_cbe52c98ab_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Horse Laughs (1891)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1918"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6143175901_cfaa8bb5f7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hydriotaphia/Urn-Burial and The Garden of Cyrus (1658)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1999"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6162/6169326032_8dbf4d10aa_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Across the Zodiac: the Story of a Wrecked Record (1880)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2129"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6123/6197358087_8ed89391e6_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Superstitions About Animals (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2267"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6110/6241413122_a6151abdef_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Diary of a Nobody (1919 edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2457"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6092/6288121551_c2119002b0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Attitudes of Animals in Motion, Illustrated with the Zoopraxiscope (1882)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2546"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6311375447_2483ece911_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Eccentric Mirror: Reflecting a Faithful and Interesting Delineation of Male and Female Characters, Ancient and Modern (1807)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2615"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6054/6337715127_c693cf04d1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Uriah Jewett and the Sea Serpent of Lake Memphemagog (1917)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2781"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7159/6437807421_91e8d84ec9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Yuletide Entertainments (1910)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3001"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7015/6553725471_8021326d90_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Mythical Monsters (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3062"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7171/6694452449_5daa298a53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Madame Tussaud's Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Curiosities (1901)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3292"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/napoleonrelics-thumb.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">James Joyce's Chamber Music (1918 American Edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3389"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7163/6811397461_71ee32a833_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Original acrostics on all the U.S. states and presidents, and various other subjects (1861)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3526"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7190/6916906333_d1a37243e8_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hand book of the carnival, containing Mardi-Gras, its ancient and modern observance (1874)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3554"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7189/6917091413_933b59ceff_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Selection of Type is just as important as the selection of words (1939?)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3571"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7037/6935070405_cff3c542c4_m.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Natural History of Shakespeare; Being Selections of Flowers, Fruits, and Animals (1877)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3663"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7182/6978973649_b861bf8557_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 

</div>
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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3582
title: Lucy Isabelle Marsh
uri: Lucy-Isabelle-Marsh
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/01/lucy-isabelle-marsh/
content:
<div align="center">

<img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7189/6798265084_aa44368cd2.jpg" alt="" />
<br />
<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/LucyIsabelleMarsh&#038;playlist=1" width="640" height="120" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
American singer Lucy Isabelle Marsh (1878 – 1956) made her career as a professional recording artist for the Victor Talking Machine Company. She was an anonymous mainstay of the regular recording program of the company from 1909 into the late 1920s, while at the same time, she quickly won popular and critical recognition under her own name as a major artist on Victor recordings. (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lucy_Isabelle_Marsh">Wikipedia</a>)
<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/download/LucyIsabelleMarsh/LucyIsabelleMarsh_64kb_mp3.zip">MP3 Download</a>
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/LucyIsabelleMarsh">Internet Archive Link</a>
<br />
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<hr />
<br />

 
<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-4-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-4">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Beela Boola by the Electric City 4 (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/beela-boola-electric-city-4-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5984449950_1837afe78f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Hungarian Rag -  Pietro Deiro (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=880"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6008/5984449948_3ebd04de8b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">As a Porcupine Pines for its Pork - Billy Jones &amp; Ernest Hare<br />
(1925)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/as-a-porcupine-pines-for-its-pork-billy-jones-ernest-hare-1925/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6028/5984449946_52bcbdf103_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Popeye, the Sailor Man - Al Dollar &amp; His Ten Cent Band with Billy Murray (1931)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/popeye-the-sailor-man-al-dollar-his-ten-cent-band-with-billy-murray-1931/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6012/5984449942_e7c19a2fdc_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Chopins Funeral March - The Edison Concert Band (1906)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/chopins-funeral-march-the-edison-concert-band-1906/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6138/5998067338_c167fce69d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Houdini on his Water Torture Cell (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/houdini-on-his-water-torture-cell-1914/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6009/5998067350_7d43c56428_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Lomax Collection Recording of English, Sample 8<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1067"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6020/5998067356_9b9ae1d919_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Enrico Caruso - A Dream (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1074"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/5997518817_b6d0667f34_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">La Paloma (1903)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1240"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6135/6016850955_d7c0df1a2c_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Orson Welles Show (1941)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1225"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/6017404284_da30a310cc_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Tokyo Rose (1944)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1243"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6125/6016850941_a2c4a9bb4f_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Fats Waller and His Orchestra live at The Yacht Club (1938)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1247"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6005/6016980547_ddd9858761_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">Very early recording of George Gershwin's  Rhapsody In Blue (1924)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1493"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6206/6046238304_f151e60106_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Rudolph Valentino singing (1923)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/15/rudolph-valentino-1923/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6046238300_1a8bf811d7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Aiaihea - The Hawaiian Quintette (1913)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1614"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6188/6069171663_28964f0117_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Antony's Address Over The Body of Caesar (1914)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1679"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6064/6082150301_30f4211e29_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Charlie and His Orchestra<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1771"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6199/6096637423_9f34721c23_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Excerpt from Handel's Israel in Egypt (1888)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1925"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6081/6143260449_303a539aa3_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Voice of Florence Nightingale (1890)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2916"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7030/6504902049_467a45000b_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">General Pershing March - Imperial Marimba Band (1918)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2186"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6215163671_7712110727_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Apollo 11 Onboard Recordings (1969) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2537"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6040/6305906604_03d781a688_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Santa Claus Proves There is a Santa Claus (1925) <br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3006"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7008/6558653487_103cd350c9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Whitney Brothers Quartet - The Little Red Drum (1908)<br />
 <br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3177"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7147/6725925751_16951fa622_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Edison reading Mary Had a Little Lamb (1927)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3462"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7037/6846172029_75d88c3a83_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Lucy Isabelle Marsh<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3582"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7069/6944378307_5c458a22e7_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Robert Browning attempting to recite 'How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix' (1889)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3694"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7049/6840756290_11e003bb28_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>
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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3621
title: Photographs of the famous by Felix Nadar
uri: Photographs-of-the-famous-by-Felix-Nadar
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/07/photographs-of-the-famous-by-felix-nadar/
content:
<div align="center">


<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 555px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/Autoportrait_tournant_Nadar_c.1865.jpg" width="545" height="596" /><p class="wp-caption-text">&quot;Revolving&quot; selfportrait by Nadar, ca. 1865</p></div>
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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Nadar_autoportrait_tournant.gif" alt="" />
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Félix Nadar was the pseudonym of Gaspard-Félix Tournachon (1 April 1820, Paris – 23 March 1910), a French photographer, caricaturist, journalist, novelist and balloonist. He took his first photographs in 1853 and pioneered the use of artificial lighting in photography, working in the catacombs of Paris. Around 1863, Nadar built a huge (6000 m³) balloon named Le Géant (&#8220;The Giant&#8221;), thereby inspiring Jules Verne&#8217;s <em>Five Weeks in a Balloon</em>. Although the &#8220;Géant&#8221; project was initially unsuccessful Nadar was still convinced that the future belonged to heavier-than-air machines. Later, &#8220;The Society for the Encouragement of Aerial Locomotion by Means of Heavier than Air Machines&#8221; was established, with Nadar as president and Verne as secretary. Nadar was also the inspiration for the character of Michael Ardan in Verne&#8217;s <em>From the Earth to the Moon</em>. In April 1874, he lent his photo studio to a group of painters, thus making the first exhibition of the Impressionists possible. (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Nadar">Wikipedia</a>)
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For more photographs by Nadar and for higher resolution copies please see <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Nadar">Wikimedia Commons</a>

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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 585px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Charles_Baudelaire_1855_Nadar.jpg/575px-Charles_Baudelaire_1855_Nadar.jpg" width="575" height="767" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Charles Baudelaire, 1855</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 502px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Sarah_Bernhardt-Nadar_2.jpg/492px-Sarah_Bernhardt-Nadar_2.jpg" width="492" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Sarah Bernhardt, 1865</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 429px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Louis_Jacques_Mand%C3%A9_Daguerre_1844_Nadar.jpg/419px-Louis_Jacques_Mand%C3%A9_Daguerre_1844_Nadar.jpg" width="419" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Louis Daguerre, 1844</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 317px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f9/Claude_Debussy_ca_1908%2C_foto_av_F%C3%A9lix_Nadar.jpg" width="307" height="425" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Claude Debussy, ca. 1908</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 446px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/F%C3%A9lix_Nadar_1820-1910_portraits_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix.jpg/436px-F%C3%A9lix_Nadar_1820-1910_portraits_Eug%C3%A8ne_Delacroix.jpg" width="436" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Eugène Delacroix, 1858</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 482px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Paul_Gustave_Dore_by_Felix_Nadar_1855-1859.jpg/472px-Paul_Gustave_Dore_by_Felix_Nadar_1855-1859.jpg" width="472" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Gustave Doré, ca. 1855</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 437px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/93/Dumas_by_Nadar%2C_1855.jpg" width="427" height="553" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Alexandre Dumas, 1855</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 615px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Kropotkin_Nadar.png/605px-Kropotkin_Nadar.png" width="605" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Peter Krapotkin, ca. 1870</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 430px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Franz_Liszt_photo.jpg/420px-Franz_Liszt_photo.jpg" width="420" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Franz Liszt, ca.1880</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 241px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/Mallarme.jpg" width="231" height="319" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Stéphane Mallarmé, 1896</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 396px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/%C3%89douard_Manet.jpg/386px-%C3%89douard_Manet.jpg" width="386" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Edouard Manet, ca. 1870</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 379px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Claude_Monet_1899_Nadar.jpg/369px-Claude_Monet_1899_Nadar.jpg" width="369" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Claude Monet, 1899</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 449px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Jacques_Offenbach_by_F%C3%A9lix_Nadar_%28restored%29.jpg/439px-Jacques_Offenbach_by_F%C3%A9lix_Nadar_%28restored%29.jpg" width="439" height="600" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Jaques Offenbach, ca. 1860</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 358px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6a/EliseeReclusNadar.jpg" width="348" height="502" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Élisée Reclus, ca. 1895</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 613px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Auguste_Rodin_1893_Nadar.jpg/603px-Auguste_Rodin_1893_Nadar.jpg" width="603" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Auguste Rodin, 1893</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 456px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Henri_Rochefort_Nadar.jpg/446px-Henri_Rochefort_Nadar.jpg" width="446" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Henri Rochefort, ca. 1893</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 495px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Sand-Nadar.png/485px-Sand-Nadar.png" width="485" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">George Sand, 1877</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 347px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Ernest_Henry_Shackleton_Nadar.jpg/337px-Ernest_Henry_Shackleton_Nadar.jpg" width="337" height="599" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Ernest Shackleton, ca. 1909</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 304px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Jules_Verne.jpg" width="294" height="410" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Jules Verne, ca. 1885</p></div>
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<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 652px"><img alt="" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/%C3%89mile_Zola_Nadar.jpg/642px-%C3%89mile_Zola_Nadar.jpg" width="642" height="768" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Emile Zola, ca. 1895</p></div>
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-3-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-3">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Doorstep<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1288"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6209/6023844250_a340b6cfc8_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Spirit Photographs of William Hope<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1301"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6021/5963926880_6796ce887a_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Maps of Piri Reis<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1315"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6025/5963926888_f9a9db72f1_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Dr Julius Neubronner's Miniature Pigeon Camera<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1330"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6007/5963926890_2141effc6c_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Art in Art<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1359"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6192/6024864047_73cc2bce65_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Huexotzinco Codex<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1373"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6024864049_7667e37edc_o.jpg"></a><br />
</td><td class="column-3">Sessions for the Blind at Sunderland Museum<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/09/sessions-for-the-blind-at-sunderland-museum/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6075/6024903179_9793619652_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Eugène von Guérard's Australian Landscapes<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1468"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6193/6045423237_850760a2a1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Landscape and Marine Views of Norway<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1513"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6090/6049185090_2740e7c0e7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Mechanism of Human Physiognomy<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-mechanism-of-human-physiognomy/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6191/6059149653_5b7e4f63e0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Space Colony Art from the 1970s<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1643"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6063/6072822813_748425d648_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Men in Wigs<br />
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<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1657"><br />
<img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6196/6076698488_c0d804b2f0_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">De humana physiognomonia libri IIII (1586)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1760"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6023/6097105906_f3615427ca_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Field Columbian Museum<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1898"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6186/6143148873_0d68233381_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Maps from Geographicus<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2011"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6159/6172345356_72dcabba03_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Arnoldus Montanus' New and Unknown World (1671)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2108"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6172/6194502991_d733a9de80_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">World War II from the Air<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2241"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6060/6240850672_fbe7ec4af4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Halloween Postcards<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2470"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6291039497_f95a6df059_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Engravings by Dominicus Custos<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2461"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6043/6301524069_87b3660466_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Kodak No.1 Circular Snapshots<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2607"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6034/6331890582_1cb9bff242_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Kitab al-Bulhan or Book of Wonders (late 14thC.)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2648"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6109/6352453941_2f15515a88_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Daddy Long Legs of Brighton<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2861"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7006/6477203705_ec35483e53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Amundsen's South Pole Expedition (1912)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2894"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7148/6509959519_9c1221fc97_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">A Catalogue of Polish Bishops<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3053"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7009/6684168809_f63f1699f9_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Harry Clarke's illustrations for Edgar Allan Poe (1919)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3203"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7141/6726271725_32d8aa6260_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Embalming Jars of Frederik Ruysch (1710)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3311"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7001/6754179799_9d524636da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Labors of the Months from the Très Riches Heures (1416)<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3451"><br />
<img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7003/6840962237_d2f492a2ee_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Photographs of the famous by Felix Nadar<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3621"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7189/6961395119_351f436a60_m.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Illuminated pages from 15th century Breviaries<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3708"><img src="http://farm7.staticflickr.com/6225/6850222384_2e0553bc8f_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 

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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3635
title: The Battle of San Pietro (1945)
uri: The-Battle-of-San-Pietro-(1945)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/08/the-battle-of-san-pietro-1945/
content:
<div align="center">

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/battle_of_san_pietro" width="640" height="480" frameborder="0"></iframe>
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<br />
Documentary directed by John Huston who was commissioned by the US army to record their efforts to take Italy in the Battle of San Pietro Infine in 1943. The US Army ended up refusing to show the film because it was too honest in its portrayal of the high cost of battle and the difficulties faced. Huston and his crew were attached to the US Army’s 143rd regiment of the 36th division. Though a few scenes seem to be have been reconstructed outside of actual fighting, unlike many other military documentaries Huston’s cameramen did film alongside the infantrymen as they fought their way up the hills to reach San Pietro. These cameramen were in just as much danger as the soldiers on the ground, often within a few feet of mortars and shells exploding and bullets ricocheting nearby. The film is unflinching in its realism and was held up from being shown to the public by the United States Army. Huston quickly became unpopular with the Army, not only for the film but also for his response to the accusation that the film was anti-war. Huston responded that if he ever made a pro-war film, he should be shot. Because it showed dead GIs wrapped in mattress covers, some officers tried to prevent troopers in training from seeing it, for fear of it upsetting morale. General George Marshall came to the film&#8217;s defense, stating that because of the film&#8217;s gritty realism, it would make a good training film. The depiction of death would inspire them to take their training seriously. Subsequently the film was used for that purpose. Huston was no longer considered a pariah; he was decorated and made an honorary major. (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Battle_of_San_Pietro">Wikipedia</a>)
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<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/battle_of_san_pietro">Download from Internet Archive</a>
<br />
<br />
<font size="1">Note this film is in the public domain in the US, but may not be in other jurisdictions. Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia700307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_000073.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1827"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/22/items/Never_Weaken_1921/Never_Weaken_1921.thumbs/Never_Weaken_1921_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Intolerance (1916) 2hr57min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1820"><br />
<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1816"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/14/items/Quicksand_clear/Quicksand_clear.thumbs/Quicksand_001860.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1954"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6200/6158664220_2d772d57d5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Betty Boop: Minnie The Moocher (1932) 7min46sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1965"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/2/items/bb_minnie_the_moocher/bb_minnie_the_moocher.thumbs/bb_minnie_the_moocher_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Phantom of the Opera (1925) 1hr46min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1943"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/23/items/ThePhantomoftheOpera/ThePhantomoftheOpera.thumbs/Phantom_of_the_Opera_001320.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Suddenly (1954) 1hr16mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1279"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/10/items/suddenly/suddenly.thumbs/suddenly_004320.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-10">
		<td class="column-1">Buffalo Dance (1894) 14sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2135"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/10/items/SF126/SF126.thumbs/SF126_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">American Day in Tripoli, Libya (1962) 14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2394"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/21/items/gov.archives.arc.37715/gov.archives.arc.37715.thumbs/gov.archives.arc.37715_000810.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Thief of Bagdad (1924) 2hr20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2148"><img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/25/items/ThiefOfBagdad1924/ThiefOfBagdad1924.thumbs/ThiefofBagdad1924_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Five Minutes to Live (1961) 1hr14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1683"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/7/items/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi.thumbs/Five_Minutes_to_Live_002880.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2280"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/0/items/vd_is_for_everybody/vd_is_for_everybody.thumbs/vd_is_for_everybody_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Your Name Here (1960) 10min10sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2561"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/11/items/YourName1960/YourName1960.thumbs/YourName1960_000120.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2659"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/12/items/thecabinetofdrcaligari/thecabinetofdrcaligari.thumbs/KabinettDesDoktorCaligariDas_000960.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Cyrano De Bergerac (1950) 1hr53min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2402"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/27/items/Cyrano_DeBergerac/Cyrano_DeBergerac.thumbs/Cyrano_De_Bergerac_002100.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-12">
		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2778"><img src="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/18/items/TheEnchantedDrawing1900/TheEnchantedDrawing1900.thumbs/the-enchanted-drawing_000054.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Night Before Christmas (1905) 8min44sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/31/items/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie.thumbs/TheNightBeforeChristmas_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Stella Maris (1918) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2790"><img src="http://ia600706.us.archive.org/21/items/StellaMaris_665/StellaMaris_665.thumbs/StellaMarismarshallNeilan1918MaryPickford_002574.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936) 1hr40min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2786"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/14/items/little_lord_fauntleroy/little_lord_fauntleroy.thumbs/little_lord_fauntleroy_001320.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
		<td class="column-1">Time-Lapse Demolition of the Star Theatre, New York (1901) 1min49sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3363"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/3/items/star_theatre_1901/star_theatre_1901.thumbs/star_theatre_1901_000045.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Dream of Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland, California (1924) 7min23sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3358"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/17/items/TribuneA1924/TribuneA1924.thumbs/TribuneA1924_000030.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lost World (1925) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/6/items/lost_world/lost_world.thumbs/lost_world_002100.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Gulliver's Travels (1939) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/24/items/GulliversTravels720p/GulliversTravels720p.thumbs/GulliversTravels1939_004380.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-14">
		<td class="column-1">Dog Factory (1904) 4min37sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3505"><img src="http://ia700403.us.archive.org/9/items/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa.thumbs/Dog_factory_Part_1_1904_000027.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"><br />
<br />
</td><td class="column-3">Alice in Wonderland (1915) 42min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3734"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/13/items/AliceInWonderland1915_503/AliceInWonderland1915_503.thumbs/AliceInWonderland-Silent_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Battle of San Pietro (1945) 43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3635"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/8/items/battle_of_san_pietro/battle_of_san_pietro.thumbs/battle_of_san_pietro_000540.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-15">
		<td class="column-1">Out of the Inkwell: The Tantalizing Fly (1919) 3min38sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3641"><img src="http://ia600408.us.archive.org/27/items/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919.thumbs/Tantalizing_Fly_1919_000060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-16">
		<td class="column-1">Prelinger Archive 35mm Stock Footage<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3720"><img src="http://ia700801.us.archive.org/2/items/PET997_R-3B/PET997_R-3B.thumbs/PET997_R-3B_000001.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


</div>
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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3641
title: Out of the Inkwell: The Tantalizing Fly (1919)
uri: Out-of-the-Inkwell-The-Tantalizing-Fly-(1919)
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/09/out-of-the-inkwell-the-tantalizing-fly-1919/
content:
<div align="center">

<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919" width="640" height="480" frameborder="0"></iframe>
<br />
<br />
Max Fleischer (1883–1972) was a pioneer in the development of the animated cartoon and served as the head of Fleischer Studios. He brought such animated characters as Betty Boop, Koko the Clown, Popeye, and Superman to the movie screen and was responsible for a number of technological innovations. One of these was the Rotoscope, a technique in which animators trace over live-action film movement frame by frame. The technique was used to create his &#8220;Out of the Inkwell&#8221; series for Bray Studios. (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Fleischer">Wikipedia</a>)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919">Download from Internet Archive</a>
<br />
<br />
<font size="1">Note this film is in the public domain in the US, but may not be in other jurisdictions. Please check its status in your jurisdiction before re-using.</font> 
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<hr />
<br />

 
<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-1-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-1">
<thead>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<th class="column-1">CLIPS</th><th class="column-2">SHORT</th><th class="column-3">FULL LENGTH SILENT</th><th class="column-4">FULL LENGTH TALKIE</th>
	</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Princess Nicotine (1909) 6min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/princess-nicotine-1909/"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/1/items/princess_nicotine_1909/princess_nicotine_1909.thumbs/princess_nicotine_1909_000300.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Gertie the Dinosaur  (1914) 12min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/gertie-the-dinosaur-1914/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/11/items/Gertie/Gertie.thumbs/GertietheDinosaur_000330.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Last of the Mohicans (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/last-of-the-mohicans-1920/"><img src="http://ia600300.us.archive.org/24/items/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans/PublicdomainTheLastoftheMohicans.thumbs/Last_of_the_Mohicans_004200.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Meet John Doe (1941) 2hr3min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/01/meet-john-doe-1941/"><img src="http://ia700307.us.archive.org/5/items/meet_john_doe_ipod/meet_john_doe_ipod.thumbs/meet_john_doe_000073.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">The Unappreciated Joke (1903) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href=" http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-unappreciated-joke-1903/"><img src="http://ia600200.us.archive.org/5/items/TheUnappreciatedJoke/TheUnappreciatedJoke.thumbs/TheUnappreciatedJoke_000035.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Frankenstein (1910) 13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/frankenstein-19/"><img src="http://ia600306.us.archive.org/9/items/FrankensteinfullMovie/FrankensteinfullMovie.thumbs/Frankenstein1910_000270.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The General (1926) 1hr19min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-general-1926/ "><img src="http://ia600604.us.archive.org/8/items/TheGeneral1926/TheGeneral1926.thumbs/The_General_1926_720p_001554.jpg" alt="" /></a></td><td class="column-4">Plan 9 from Outer Space (1959) 1hr19mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/plan-9-from-outer-space-1959/"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/19/items/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959.thumbs/Plan_9_from_Outer_Space_1959_001260.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">The Execution of Mary, Queen of Scots (1895) 21sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-execution-of-mary-queen-of-scots-1895/"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/33/items/Execution_of_Mary_1895/Execution_of_Mary_1895.thumbs/Execution_of_Mary_1895_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Great Train Robbery (1903) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-great-train-robbery-1903/"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/0/items/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555/TheGreatTrainRobbery_555.thumbs/TheGreatTrainRobbery_000690.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Wolf Blood (1925) 1hr7min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/wolf-blood-1925/"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/8/items/WolfBlood1925/WolfBlood1925.thumbs/WolfBlood_003060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Reefer Madness (1938) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1281"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/1/items/reefer_madness1938/reefer_madness1938.thumbs/reefer_madness1938_003060.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">The Kiss (1896) 25secs<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1421"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/16/items/Irwin-RiceKiss/Irwin-RiceKiss.thumbs/Irwin-RiceKiss_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Experiments in the Revival of Organisms (1940) 20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1417"><img src="http://ia600500.us.archive.org/19/items/Experime1940/Experime1940.thumbs/Experime1940_000360.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Battleship Potemkin (1925) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1413"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/4/items/BattleshipPotemkin/BattleshipPotemkin.thumbs/Battleship_Potemkin_000780.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Snows of Kilimanjaro (1952) 1hr57min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1425"><img src="http://ia600402.us.archive.org/23/items/Kilimanjaro/Kilimanjaro.thumbs/The_Snows_of_Kilimanjaro_006300.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Trapeze Disrobing Act (1901) 2min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1547"><img src="http://ia600308.us.archive.org/15/items/SF120/SF120.thumbs/SF120_000040.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Are You Popular (1947) 10min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1552"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/17/items/AreYouPo1947/AreYouPo1947.thumbs/AreYouPo1947_000240.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lodger: A Story of the London Fog (1927) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1560"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/32/items/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579/TheLodgerAStoryOfTheLondonFog_579.thumbs/TheLodger-AStoryOfTheLondonFog1927AlfredHitchcock_001800.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Scarlet Street (1945) 1hr43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1557"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/16/items/ScarletStreet/ScarletStreet.thumbs/Scarlet_Street_005460.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Annie Oakley Fires Her Gun (1894) 20secs<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1721"><br />
<img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/20/items/AnnieOakley/AnnieOakley.thumbs/AnnieOakley_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1910) 13min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1719"><br />
<img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/4/items/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz/The_Wonderful_Wizard_of_Oz.thumbs/WizardOfOz1910_000720.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">For The Term of His Natural Life (1927) 1hr33min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2288"><img src="http://ia600504.us.archive.org/1/items/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife.thumbs/ForTheTermOfHisNaturalLife_004980.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Last Man on Earth (1964) 1hr27min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1715"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6204/6090641136_9922b754c8_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">Operation Cue (1955) 52sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1812"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/5/items/CEP_00_071/CEP_00_071.thumbs/CEP_00_071_000010.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Never Weaken (1921) 28min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1827"><img src="http://ia600309.us.archive.org/22/items/Never_Weaken_1921/Never_Weaken_1921.thumbs/Never_Weaken_1921_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Intolerance (1916) 2hr57min<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1820"><br />
<img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/11/items/Intolerance/Intolerance.thumbs/Intolerance_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quicksand (1950) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1816"><img src="http://ia600406.us.archive.org/14/items/Quicksand_clear/Quicksand_clear.thumbs/Quicksand_001860.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Dutch Fashion Reel (1969) 1min50sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1954"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6200/6158664220_2d772d57d5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Betty Boop: Minnie The Moocher (1932) 7min46sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1965"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/2/items/bb_minnie_the_moocher/bb_minnie_the_moocher.thumbs/bb_minnie_the_moocher_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Phantom of the Opera (1925) 1hr46min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1943"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/23/items/ThePhantomoftheOpera/ThePhantomoftheOpera.thumbs/Phantom_of_the_Opera_001320.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Suddenly (1954) 1hr16mins<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1279"><img src="http://ia600208.us.archive.org/10/items/suddenly/suddenly.thumbs/suddenly_004320.jpg"></a><br />
</td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-10">
		<td class="column-1">Buffalo Dance (1894) 14sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2135"><img src="http://ia600301.us.archive.org/10/items/SF126/SF126.thumbs/SF126_000005.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">American Day in Tripoli, Libya (1962) 14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2394"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/21/items/gov.archives.arc.37715/gov.archives.arc.37715.thumbs/gov.archives.arc.37715_000810.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Thief of Bagdad (1924) 2hr20min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2148"><img src="http://ia600304.us.archive.org/25/items/ThiefOfBagdad1924/ThiefOfBagdad1924.thumbs/ThiefofBagdad1924_008280.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Five Minutes to Live (1961) 1hr14min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1683"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/7/items/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi/Five_Minutes_To_Live.avi.thumbs/Five_Minutes_to_Live_002880.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-11">
		<td class="column-1">VD is for Everybody (1969) 1min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2280"><img src="http://ia600508.us.archive.org/0/items/vd_is_for_everybody/vd_is_for_everybody.thumbs/vd_is_for_everybody_000020.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Your Name Here (1960) 10min10sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2561"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/11/items/YourName1960/YourName1960.thumbs/YourName1960_000120.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920) 1hr11min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2659"><img src="http://ia600303.us.archive.org/12/items/thecabinetofdrcaligari/thecabinetofdrcaligari.thumbs/KabinettDesDoktorCaligariDas_000960.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Cyrano De Bergerac (1950) 1hr53min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2402"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/27/items/Cyrano_DeBergerac/Cyrano_DeBergerac.thumbs/Cyrano_De_Bergerac_002100.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-12">
		<td class="column-1">The Enchanted Drawing (1900) 1min29sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2778"><img src="http://ia600801.us.archive.org/18/items/TheEnchantedDrawing1900/TheEnchantedDrawing1900.thumbs/the-enchanted-drawing_000054.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Night Before Christmas (1905) 8min44sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3010"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/31/items/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie/TheNightBeforeChristmasSilentMovie.thumbs/TheNightBeforeChristmas_000390.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Stella Maris (1918) 1hr13min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2790"><img src="http://ia600706.us.archive.org/21/items/StellaMaris_665/StellaMaris_665.thumbs/StellaMarismarshallNeilan1918MaryPickford_002574.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Little Lord Fauntleroy (1936) 1hr40min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2786"><img src="http://ia700506.us.archive.org/14/items/little_lord_fauntleroy/little_lord_fauntleroy.thumbs/little_lord_fauntleroy_001320.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-13">
		<td class="column-1">Time-Lapse Demolition of the Star Theatre, New York (1901) 1min49sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3363"><img src="http://ia600204.us.archive.org/3/items/star_theatre_1901/star_theatre_1901.thumbs/star_theatre_1901_000045.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Dream of Mrs L.L. Nicholson from Oakland, California (1924) 7min23sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3358"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/17/items/TribuneA1924/TribuneA1924.thumbs/TribuneA1924_000030.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Lost World (1925) 1hr8min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3246"><img src="http://ia600502.us.archive.org/6/items/lost_world/lost_world.thumbs/lost_world_002100.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Gulliver's Travels (1939) 1hr18min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3231"><img src="http://ia600401.us.archive.org/24/items/GulliversTravels720p/GulliversTravels720p.thumbs/GulliversTravels1939_004380.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-14">
		<td class="column-1">Dog Factory (1904) 4min37sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3505"><img src="http://ia700403.us.archive.org/9/items/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa/DogFactory1904EdisonManufacturingCompanyUsa.thumbs/Dog_factory_Part_1_1904_000027.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"><br />
<br />
</td><td class="column-3">Alice in Wonderland (1915) 42min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3734"><img src="http://ia600409.us.archive.org/13/items/AliceInWonderland1915_503/AliceInWonderland1915_503.thumbs/AliceInWonderland-Silent_001260.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Battle of San Pietro (1945) 43min<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3635"><img src="http://ia600202.us.archive.org/8/items/battle_of_san_pietro/battle_of_san_pietro.thumbs/battle_of_san_pietro_000540.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-15">
		<td class="column-1">Out of the Inkwell: The Tantalizing Fly (1919) 3min38sec<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3641"><img src="http://ia600408.us.archive.org/27/items/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919/Fleischer_The_Tantalizing_Fly_1919.thumbs/Tantalizing_Fly_1919_000060.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-16">
		<td class="column-1">Prelinger Archive 35mm Stock Footage<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3720"><img src="http://ia700801.us.archive.org/2/items/PET997_R-3B/PET997_R-3B.thumbs/PET997_R-3B_000001.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2"></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>


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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3663
title: Natural History of Shakespeare; Being Selections of Flowers, Fruits, and Animals (1877)
uri: Natural-History-of-Shakespeare-Being-Selections-of-Flowers-Fruits-a
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/13/natural-history-of-shakespeare-1877/
content:
<div align="center">
<iframe src='http://www.archive.org/stream/naturalhistoryof00shak?ui=embed#page/n5/mode/2up' width='818px' height='732px' frameborder='0' ></iframe>

<br />
<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Natural History of Shakespeare, Being Selections of Flowers, Fruits, and Animals, arranged by Bessie Mayou; 1877; E. Slater, Manchester.</span>

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<br />
Collection of little snippets from Shakespeare&#8217;s plays pertaining to the natural world: Garden Flowers, Wild Flowers, Weeds, Trees, Fruits, Vegetables, Herbs, Spices and Medicines, Grain, Birds, Animals, Fish, Reptiles, and Insects. 
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<a href="http://openlibrary.org/books/OL23321237M/Natural_history_of_Shakespeare">Open Library link</a>
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<hr />
<br />


<table id="wp-table-reloaded-id-2-no-1" class="wp-table-reloaded wp-table-reloaded-id-2">
<tbody>
	<tr class="row-1">
		<td class="column-1">Letters From a Cat (1879)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/letters-from-a-cat/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6029/5926255857_dd107bbcd5_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Castaway on the Auckland Isles: A Narrative of the Wreck of the "Grafton," (1865)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/castaway-on-the-auckland-isles-a-narrative-of-the-wreck-of-the-grafton-1865"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6014/5963292991_2926d4d77d_o.jpg"><br />
</a></td><td class="column-3">Infant's Cabinet of Birds and Beasts (1820)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/infants-cabine…-beasts-1820-2/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6137/5963292985_e427baf1da_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Old French Fairytales (1920)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/old-french-fairytales-1920/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/5963292975_0047a86d70_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-2">
		<td class="column-1">Armata: a fragment (1817)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/armata-a-fragment-1817/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6018/5977796996_e0a0fc40cd_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">An Account of the Late Improvements in Galvanism (1803)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/an-account-of-the-late-improvements-in-galvanism-1803/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6027/5977796994_62597592db_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Medical Aspects of Death, and the Medical Aspects of the Human Mind (1852)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/the-medical-aspects-of-death-and-the-medical-aspects-of-the-human-mind-1852"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6122/5977796990_d34ea609b4_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Quarles' Emblems (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/02/quarles-emblems-1886/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6129/5977796992_cda35bfc9d_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-3">
		<td class="column-1">Cat and bird stories from the "Spectator" (1896)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1198"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6127/6011153785_75aab450ee_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Wonderful Balloon Ascents (1870)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1200"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6030/6011153783_3c0847e432_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Book of Topiary (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1202"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6145/6011153777_a727143f9d_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Adventures of Louis de Rougemont (1899)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1204"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6013/6011153791_7fcdcb3356_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-4">
		<td class="column-1">English as She is Spoke (1884)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1431"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6083/6046055812_6639c33965_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Danger of Premature Interment (1816)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1503"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6062/6046366952_ba41be4694_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Last American (1889)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/2011/08/19/the-last-american/"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6066/6059266721_1e7b1015c2_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Pirates (1922)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1754"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6187/6096675914_450e941c10_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-5">
		<td class="column-1">Napoleon's Oraculum (1839)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1834"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6185/6115393587_cbe52c98ab_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Horse Laughs (1891)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1918"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6156/6143175901_cfaa8bb5f7_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hydriotaphia/Urn-Burial and The Garden of Cyrus (1658)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=1999"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6162/6169326032_8dbf4d10aa_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Across the Zodiac: the Story of a Wrecked Record (1880)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2129"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6123/6197358087_8ed89391e6_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-6">
		<td class="column-1">Superstitions About Animals (1904)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2267"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6110/6241413122_a6151abdef_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">The Diary of a Nobody (1919 edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2457"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6092/6288121551_c2119002b0_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">The Attitudes of Animals in Motion, Illustrated with the Zoopraxiscope (1882)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2546"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6094/6311375447_2483ece911_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">The Eccentric Mirror: Reflecting a Faithful and Interesting Delineation of Male and Female Characters, Ancient and Modern (1807)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2615"><img src="http://farm7.static.flickr.com/6054/6337715127_c693cf04d1_o.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-7">
		<td class="column-1">Uriah Jewett and the Sea Serpent of Lake Memphemagog (1917)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=2781"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7159/6437807421_91e8d84ec9_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Yuletide Entertainments (1910)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3001"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7015/6553725471_8021326d90_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Mythical Monsters (1886)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3062"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7171/6694452449_5daa298a53_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Madame Tussaud's Napoleon Relics, Pictures and Other Curiosities (1901)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3292"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/files/2012/01/napoleonrelics-thumb.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-8">
		<td class="column-1">James Joyce's Chamber Music (1918 American Edition)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3389"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7163/6811397461_71ee32a833_o.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">Original acrostics on all the U.S. states and presidents, and various other subjects (1861)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3526"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7190/6916906333_d1a37243e8_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3">Hand book of the carnival, containing Mardi-Gras, its ancient and modern observance (1874)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3554"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7189/6917091413_933b59ceff_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-4">Selection of Type is just as important as the selection of words (1939?)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3571"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7037/6935070405_cff3c542c4_m.jpg"></a></td>
	</tr>
	<tr class="row-9">
		<td class="column-1">Natural History of Shakespeare; Being Selections of Flowers, Fruits, and Animals (1877)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3663"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7182/6978973649_b861bf8557_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-2">An Alphabet of History (1905)<br />
<br />
<a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3755"><img src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7272/6875140774_3167724eaa_m.jpg"></a></td><td class="column-3"></td><td class="column-4"></td>
	</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
 

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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3644
title: Richard Dadd’s Master-Stroke
uri: Richard-Dadd-s-Master-Stroke
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/14/richard-dadd%e2%80%99s-master-stroke/
content:
<p><strong>Nicholas Tromans, author of <em>Richard Dadd: The Artist and the Asylum</em>, takes a look at Dadd&#8217;s most famous painting <em>The Fairy Feller’s Master-Stroke</em>.</strong></p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7207/6835530398_31223ab0d0_b.jpg" width="540" height="676" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Detail of the main section showing the Fairy-Feller about to hew the nut - Source: Tate (Richard Dadd, The Fairy Feller&#039;s Master-Stroke c.1855-64, Tate)</p></div>

<p>Richard Dadd was a young British painter of huge promise who fell into mental illness while touring the Mediterranean in the early 1840s. He spent over forty years in lunatic asylums, dying at Broadmoor in 1886, but never gave up his calling, producing mesmerisingly detailed watercolours and oil paintings of which <em>The Fairy Feller’s Master-Stroke</em> is now the most well known. The picture’s history encapsulates the peculiar rise and, if not fall then the suspension, of its maker’s reputation, and indeed begs the question of what happens to any long-dead forgotten genius after they’ve been rediscovered.</p>

<p>Among the symptoms of Dadd’s illness – which sounds today like a form of schizophrenia – were delusions of persecution and the receipt of messages from the Ancient Egyptian deity Osiris. Dadd was commanded to kill his father (or the demon who it appeared to him had taken his place) and did so with efficiency in the summer of 1843, not long after returning from his tour. After an equally well planned escape to France, the artist was eventually admitted to the Criminal Lunatic department of Bethlem Hospital in Lambeth (now the Imperial War Museum) and it was here that he painted the <em>Fairy Feller</em>. According to the inscription on the back of the canvas it took him nine years to complete, although Dadd qualifies this claim with “quasi” (“sort of”) which may mean he only worked at it on and off between 1855 and 1864.</p>

<p>It is an exhaustingly complex image, with a substantial cast of characters, none of whom are doing much with the exception of the “feller” himself who is about to hew a hazelnut in half in order to provide the diminutive queen of the fairies, Mab, with a new chariot. Dadd’s starting point was evidently Mercutio’s teasing speech in <em>Romeo and Juliet</em> in which he imagines in excruciating detail the nightly wanderings of Mab as she seeds dreams in sleepers’ heads, nocturnal visions in which suppressed ambitions and desires reveal themselves. Dadd’s inscription further informs us that the picture was painted for the Steward of Bethlem, George Henry Haydon, and in a long poem (or at least rhymed catalogue) which the artist wrote in 1865, he gives a kind of cast-list as well as offering an account of how the picture came to be painted. It was apparently Haydon who suggested some “verse about the fairies” as a “point from which to throw” – presumably the Mercutio speech which may have been intended by the Bethlem official as a means of encouraging Dadd to revisit his early life before illness had struck, when he had made his reputation as a painter of Shakespearean fairy subjects. Victorian psychiatrists were in any case fond of writing on the “cases” described by the Bard, and Charles Lamb observed how, despite the extravagant imaginative leaps of his fairy scenes, Shakespeare himself presented a kind of inverse monomania, maintaining the thread of sanity even through the most outlandish journeys of the mind.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7183/6829553272_3b650892d6_z.jpg" width="540" height="518" /><p class="wp-caption-text"> Photograph by Henry Hering (ca. 1856) of Dadd painting <em>Contradiction: Oberon and Titania</em>. </p></div>

<p>Having received the commission for a new fairy painting from Haydon, however, Dadd says inspiration failed to materialise. He took the idea of spiritual inspiration very literally, seeing indeed the work of spirits in all human endeavour. Individuals and entire cultures may aspire to noble achievements, but the help or hindrance of the spirit world was what counted and its genii were not inclined to submit themselves to human service for long.  “What’s the use of attempting the enlightenment?” asked Dadd in some notes written in the 1850s. “What a number of times the destroying angel has triumphed over the different nations of the earth – sucking them up &amp; knocking them down”. And equally for an artist seeking to pin down their genius and compel it to answer: “What a clever angel the genius of painting must be to escape from all these hot pursuits &#8230; but once free, not all the arts of any old fellow I suppose can lure back the pretty bird to its own disgrace and bondage.” Dadd’s theory of art was thus thoroughly pessimistic. The public were a waste of time, and “one might fancy pictures are like monks secluded from and very little noticed by the world so that after all what matters about its quality except to the few, the initiated”. This might at least allow that Haydon may have been a worthwhile patron, but as for the artist himself, “what more slavish than painting, what more hopeless?” So when seeking to make a beginning of the Fairy Feller, Dadd’s only strategy upon realising that “Fancy was not to be evoked /  From her etherial realms” was to accept his passive role, to entirely empty his mind: “I thought on nought – a shift / As good perhaps as thinking hard.” Finally the method succeeded: “Indefinite, almost unseen, / Lay vacant entities of chance” and gradually the “Design and composition” evolved “Without intent”. Dadd’s description of the painting, which he styled <em>Elimination of a Picture and its Subject</em>, thus has a curious sense of disavowal about it, as if saying who is in it is all he can do, their significance being beyond his explanation. When Dadd comes to note the head of a man wearing a conical red cap, poking out of the landscape in the top-left of the picture, he tells us that “Of the / Chinese Small Foot Societee,  He’s a small member.  But  /  if Confucius sent him Now I can’t remember.”</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7207/6835488720_2252f63572_z.jpg" width="540" height="595" /><p class="wp-caption-text">“Of the / Chinese Small Foot Societee, He’s a small member. But / if Confucius sent him Now I can’t remember.” -Source: Tate (Richard Dadd, The Fairy Feller&#039;s Master-Stroke c.1855-64, Tate)</p></div>

<p>The characters of the Fairy Feller are mainly arranged in pairs and clusters. A group of men watch the feller intently while over the lead actor’s head is the Patriarch with epic beard, along the elongated brim of whose crown cavort a troupe of dancers apparently in Spanish costume, and indeed Dadd observes that “One is / dressed like to Duvernay”, that is Pauline Duvernay, a flamenco dancer famous on the stages of 1830s London. On either side of the Patriarch are pairs of maids and gallants, all showing an exaggeratedly gendered leg. Above the Patriarch are Oberon and Titania – rival monarchs to Mab who waits for her new chariot just below them to the left. She is, as Mercutio had described her, microscopic and yet painted by Dadd with an entirely convincing series of miniaturised impressionist touches. In the upper-left of the painting strange creatures summon further witnesses to the great moment of the splitting of the nut, and then Dadd offers – in the sequence of seven figures along the top of the picture – a version of the counting rhyme whereby boys allowed fate to choose them a profession, or girls a husband: soldier, sailor, tinker, tailor, ploughboy, apothecary, thief. If the <em>Fairy Feller</em> were a work intended for critical interpretation, which it probably was not, then we might talk of the suspended action with which the seed was to be split; the deferred moment of sex; the mutual isolation of the groups of figures suggesting the impossibility of generating a family or a community; and we might connect these themes to Dadd’s awareness of his own position as a long-stay patient in London’s high-security lunatic asylum where, “shut out from nature’s game” and “banished from nature’s book of life, because some angel in the strife had got the worser fate”, his lot was “in a paradise of fools [to] contented live.” But Dadd knew, given the workings of spirits, angels and fate, that autobiography was a vain fiction, and we should be wary of assuming that his most famous picture must somehow be his personal testament.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7185/6981633615_c98c188ca6_z.jpg" width="540" height="609" /><p class="wp-caption-text">The crown patriarch - Source: Tate (Richard Dadd, The Fairy Feller&#039;s Master-Stroke c.1855-64, Tate)</p></div>
<br /></p>

<p><div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7185/6835439632_ea984cec61_z.jpg" width="540" height="629" /><p class="wp-caption-text">The as of yet uncracked nut with onlookers - Source: Tate (Richard Dadd, The Fairy Feller&#039;s Master-Stroke c.1855-64, Tate)</p></div>

<p>The <em>Fairy Feller</em> became Dadd’s most famous work because, in 1963, it entered the Tate collection where it was soon a popular favourite. It was presented to the Gallery by the then elderly poet Siegfried Sassoon, who had himself been given it by his mother-in-law, the daughter of the vastly wealthy connoisseur Alfred Morrison whose encyclopaedic collections included several Dadds. Sassoon had a special interest in the artist, having befriended, in the trenches, three brothers who were the grandsons of Richard Dadd’s elder brother. The <em>Fairy Feller</em> was presented to the Tate “by Siegfried Sassoon in memory of his friend and fellow officer Julian Dadd, a great-nephew of the artist, and of his two brothers who gave their lives in the First World War”, a dedication which always still accompanies the painting today. Sassoon of course had yet further personal reason for taking an interest in Dadd, having himself been a patient at Craiglockhart outside Edinburgh which functioned during the War as a hospital for shell-shocked officers.</p>

<div class="wp-caption alignnone" style="width: 550px"><img alt="" src="http://farm8.staticflickr.com/7194/6981614937_9ca426b990_z.jpg" width="540" height="556" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Queen of the fairies Mab with her rival monarchs Oberon and Titania - Source: Tate (Richard Dadd, The Fairy Feller&#039;s Master-Stroke c.1855-64, Tate)</p></div>

<p>The arrival of the <em>Fairy Feller</em> at the Tate, allowing Dadd a substantial audience for the first time since the 1840s, could not have been timed better if Sassoon had planned it (which he hadn’t: he donated the picture to a public collection having taken fright at the underhand tactics of an art dealer keen to relieve him of it). This was the period during which a new intellectual consensus was fomenting against the inherited system of nineteenth-century asylums, a consensus embracing everyone from the radical historian of psychiatry Michel Foucault to Enoch Powell, then British Secretary of State for Health. Dadd, having been more or less (if never completely) forgotten since the onset of his illness, now appeared something of a hero – a brave survivor of a vicious system which (so went the new story) locked away all those with whom the Victorians could not cope, which was to say many. Dadd appeared as the dark unconscious which underlay mainstream Victorian painting with its floppy maidens (Dadd contrarily had a penchant for sturdy women) and limp-wristed draughtsmanship (Dadd’s taught line was admired by some critics even when the world at large had forgotten him). The notorious magazine of Sixties counter-culture, <em>Oz</em>, ran a spread on the artist in 1971 and in 1974 Freddie Mercury used text from the <em>Elimination</em> poem for lyrics to a song titled the <em>Fairy Feller’s Master-Stroke</em> which appeared on Queen’s second album.</p>

<p><br /></p>

<div align="center">
<div class='flickr-mini-gallery ' lang=_s& rel="photoset_id=72157629217992258&extras=" longdesc='photoset'></div>
</div>

<p><br /></p>

<p>But also in 1974 there appeared the results of a more sober, academic approach to Dadd. Patricia Allderidge took up the new post of archivist to the ancient Bethlem Hospital in the late 1960s and was able to recover much of Dadd’s forgotten biography and oeuvre, publishing her findings in the still indispensible catalogue to an exhibition devoted to the artist at the Tate. At this point, in retrospect, it seems the romanticised “anti-psychiatry” Dadd on one hand, and on the other the history of Dadd written from within the hospital itself, effectively cancelled one another out. At least, only the slightest amount of new research was published on the artist for decades after 1974. There seemed nowhere he might confidently be placed in the history of either art or psychiatry. So: how to deal with a long-dead forgotten genius once they’ve been rediscovered? If the talent in question never fitted in when alive, there’s little chance a permanent plinth in the pantheon of their field will be found for them even once posterity has handed them their posthumous prize. Once the ghost is raised from obscurity, where can we lay it down again?</p>

<p><br /></p>

<hr />

<p><em>Nicholas Tromans teaches at Kingston University, London. He curated the Tate Britain exhibition &#8220;The Lure of the East: British Orientalist Painting&#8221; in 2008 and his book on Richard Dadd, <a href="http://shop.tate.org.uk/art-history/richard-dadd-the-artist-and-the-asylum/invt/10212/">The Artist and the Asylum</a>, was published last year. 
He recommends to PDR readers <a href="http://bethlemheritage.wordpress.com/">this blog</a> about the history of psychiatry &#8211; maintained by Bethlem Hospital.</em></p>

<p><br /></p>

<h1>Links to works</h1>

<p><br /></p>

<ul>
<li><p><em>Elimination of a Picture and its Subject &#8211; called the Feller&#8217;s Master Stroke</em> (1865) by Richard Dadd.</p>

<ul>
<li><a href="http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Elimination_of_a_picture_and_its_subject_-_called_the_feller%27s_master_stroke">html on Wikisource</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><p>Various paintings of Dadd&#8217;s on <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Richard_Dadd">Wikimedia Commons</a></p></li>
</ul>
 <p><a href="http://publicdomainreview.org/?flattrss_redirect&amp;id=3644&amp;md5=23dc08c6ed48e71dd632084e647c6b2b" title="Flattr" target="_blank"><img src="http://publicdomainreview.org/wp-content/plugins/flattr/img/flattr-badge-large.png" alt="flattr this!"/></a></p>


feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3694
title: Robert Browning attempting to recite ‘How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix’ (1889)
uri: Robert-Browning-attempting-to-recite-How-They-Brought-the-Good-News
url:
http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/16/robert-browning-attempting-to-recite-a-poem-on-the-edison-cylinder-1889/

content:
<div align="center">

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/67/Browning_After_Death.jpg" alt="" />
<iframe src="http://www.archive.org/embed/RobertBrowningTryingToReciteHisPoem1889EdisonCylinder" width="640" height="30" frameborder="0"></iframe>

<br /><br />
The voice of great English poet, Robert Browning (1812 &#8211; 1889) recorded while at a dinner party given by Browning&#8217;s friend the artist Rudolf Lehmann, on April 7th, 1889. The sales manager of Edison Talking machine, Colonel Gouraud, had brought with him a phonograph to show the guests and to record their voices. Browning, though reluctant at first, eventually gives in and begins to recite his poem &#8216;How They Brought the Good News from Ghent to Aix&#8217;. Unfortunately, he &#8220;cannot remember me own verses&#8221; and gives up going on to expressing how he certainly won&#8217;t forget though this &#8220;wonderful invention&#8221;. He was to die just under 8 months later. When the recording was played in 1890 on the anniversary of his death, at a gathering of his admirers, it was said to be the first time anyone&#8217;s voice &#8220;had been heard from beyond the grave.&#8221;
<br /><br />


<blockquote>I sprang to the saddle, and Joris, and he;<br />
I galloped, Dirck galloped, we galloped all three;<br />
&#8216;Speed&#8217; echoed the wall to us galloping through&#8230;<br />
&#8216;Speed&#8217; echoed the&#8230;<br />
Then the gate shut behind us, the lights sank to rest&#8230;<br />
<br /><br />
I&#8217;m terribly sorry but I can&#8217;t remember me own verses,<br />
but one thing that I shall remember all me life is the astonishing [inaudible] by your wonderful invention.
<br /><br />
Robert Browning!
<br /><br />
[other voices]<br />
Bravo, bravo, bravo.<br />
Hip, hip, hooray.<br />
Hip, hip, hooray.<br />
Hip, hip, hooray.<br />
Bravo.<br /></blockquote>


<br />
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/download/RobertBrowningTryingToReciteHisPoem1889EdisonCylinder/RobertBrowningRecitesHisPoem1889EdisonCylinder.mp3">MP3 Download</a>
<br />
<a href="http://www.archive.org/details/RobertBrowningTryingToReciteHisPoem1889EdisonCylinder">Internet Archive Link</a>
<br />
<br />
<hr />
<br />

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feed_id: http://publicdomainreview.org/?p=3708
title: Illuminated pages from 15th century Breviaries
uri: Illuminated-pages-from-15th-century-Breviaries
url: http://publicdomainreview.org/2012/03/19/illuminated-pages-from-15th-century-breviaries/
content:
<div align="center">

A breviary (from Latin brevis, &#8216;short&#8217; or &#8216;concise&#8217;) is a liturgical book of the Latin liturgical rites of the Catholic Church containing the public or canonical prayers, hymns, the Psalms, readings, and notations for everyday use, especially by bishops, priests, and deacons in the Divine Office (i.e., at the canonical hours or Liturgy of the Hours, the Christians&#8217; daily prayer). Below is a selection of illuminated Breviary pages from various unknown miniaturists working in and around Paris, Bruges and Gent in the middle of the 15th century. <br />
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For more info and higher res versions please see <a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Search&#038;limit=100&#038;offset=0&#038;redirs=1&#038;profile=default&#038;search=Folio+of+a+Breviary" target="_blank">Wikimedia Commons</a>  

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<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15774.jpg/391px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15774.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA16022.jpg/436px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA16022.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15909.jpg/418px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15909.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15896.jpg/433px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15896.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15895.jpg/436px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15895.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15893.jpg/439px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15893.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15892.jpg/430px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15892.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15891.jpg/410px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15891.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15890.jpg/425px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15890.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15889.jpg/406px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15889.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15888.jpg/412px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15888.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15887.jpg/436px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15887.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15879.jpg/415px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15879.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15809.jpg/402px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15809.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15806.jpg/417px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15806.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15805.jpg/404px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15805.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15804.jpg/412px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15804.jpg" alt="" />


<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15803.jpg/407px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15803.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15770.jpg/436px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15770.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15769.jpg/437px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15769.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15768.jpg/429px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15768.jpg" alt="" />

<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15767.jpg/427px-15th-century_painters_-_Folio_of_a_Breviary_-_WGA15767.jpg" alt="" />

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